33 ücretsiz ders · 88 açıklamalı soru · 7 dinleme kaydı · 40 çözümlü örnek · 33 ek uygulama
IELTS Academic için ücretsiz beceri çalışmasıdır; General Training ek dersleri ayrıca etiketlenmiştir. Tam deneme değildir ve IELTS band puanı vermez. Dinleme kayıtları sentetik seslerle hazırlanmıştır; özgün, kısaltılmış beceri çalışmalarıdır. Metinler, tablolar ve alıştırmalar Universehall için özgün olarak yazılmıştır; kurgu veriler gerçek araştırma sonucu değildir. Örnek yanıtların resmî puanı yoktur.
Cevap anahtarı, transkriptler ve örnekler
Answer key, transcripts and models · Review after practising
Kanıtı bul
Find the evidence
r1 · TRUE
Birinci paragraf salı ve perşembeyi adlandırır; kapanışın dokuza uzatıldığını söyler. Bunlar iki hafta içi gündür ve ifade pilot süresindeki merkez kütüphaneyle sınırlıdır. Her şubenin veya her günün değiştiğini iddia etmez.
Paragraph 1 names Tuesdays and Thursdays and says closing was extended to nine. These are two weekdays, and the statement is limited to the central library during the pilot. It does not claim that every branch or every weekday changed.
r2 · FALSE
İkinci paragraf bazı ziyaretçilerin çıkıp geri döndükten sonra gerçekten birden fazla kez sayıldığını doğrular. Yalnızca bir olasılık değil, gözlenen bu tekrar, “her giriş farklı kişi” ifadesiyle doğrudan çelişir. Metin girişlerin neden farklı bireyleri göstermediğini açıklar; dolayısıyla NOT GIVEN değil FALSE olur.
Paragraph 2 confirms that some visitors were actually counted more than once after leaving and returning. This observed repeat counting, not merely its possibility, directly contradicts “each … a different person”. This is FALSE rather than NOT GIVEN because the text explicitly explains why entries are not unique individuals.
r3 · NOT GIVEN
Metin ne öğrenci oranını ne tam zamanlı öğrencilik durumunu verir. Birkaç kişi çalışma alanından söz eder, ancak çalışmak öğrenci olmayı veya çoğunluğu kanıtlamaz. FALSE için çelişen kanıt gerekir; burada eksik profil iddiayı belirsiz bırakır.
The passage gives neither the proportion of students nor their full-time status. Several people mention a study space, but studying does not establish student status or a majority. FALSE would require conflicting evidence; here the missing profile leaves the claim undecided.
r4 · FALSE
Son cümle belediyenin kalıcı karar vermeden önce pilotu bahara uzattığını söyler. İfade ek denemeyi hemen kalıcı karara dönüştürerek bu sırayla çelişir. Açık kalmaya devam etmek kalıcı onayla aynı değildir.
The final sentence says the council extended the pilot into spring before making a permanent decision. The statement replaces a further trial with an immediate permanent decision, contradicting that sequence. Continued opening is not the same as permanent approval.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
1. FALSE — Saturdays only excludes Sundays.
2. TRUE — the number and the surveyed group both match.
3. NOT GIVEN — the survey describes 40 passengers, not the preferences of all college students.
Açıklama / Explanation
28 sayısı yalnızca ankete katılan yolcular hakkında bilgi verir. Tüm kolejde çoğunluk olduğunu göstermez. Tüm öğrenci nüfusu ve bu grubun tercihleri bilinmiyor.
The number 28 supports a claim about surveyed passengers only. It cannot establish a majority among the entire college. The missing denominator is the whole student population, together with its preferences.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Yeni bilgi eklemeden üçüncü ifadeyi TRUE olacak şekilde değiştir. Sonra “most surveyed passengers” ifadesinin neden “most college students” ifadesinden daha dar olduğunu açıkla.
Change statement 3 so that it becomes TRUE without adding information. Then explain why “most surveyed passengers” is narrower than “most college students”.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Ana fikri yakala
Read for the main idea
r5 · Comfort beyond air temperature
A paragrafı ölçülen hava sıcaklığı az değişirken gölgenin yayanın rahatlığını artırabileceğini açıklar. Hava istasyonu destekleyici karşılaştırmadır; yazar onu değiştirmeyi önermez. Başlık bütün paragraftaki bu ayrımı kapsar.
Paragraph A explains that shade can improve a pedestrian’s comfort while measured air temperature changes little. The weather station is a supporting comparison, not something the writer proposes replacing. The heading captures this distinction across the whole paragraph.
r6 · Making a fair comparison
B paragrafı karşılaştırmayı yararlı kılmak için ölçümü tekrarlamayı; rüzgâr, bina ve bulut koşullarını kaydetmeyi önerir. Bu etkenler tek ölçümün neden nedensellik göstermediğini açıklar. Odak cihaz satın almak veya değiştirmek değil, adil karşılaştırmadır.
Paragraph B recommends repeated readings and recording wind, buildings and cloud conditions to make a comparison more useful. Those factors explain why a single reading cannot establish causation. The focus is a fair comparison, not the purchase or replacement of equipment.
r7 · Choosing within physical limits
C paragrafı kökleri, sulamayı, kaldırım genişliğini ve bakımı dikim kısıtları olarak birleştirir. Son cümle rahatlıkla alan ve bakımı dengelemeyi açıkça anlatır. Yalnız gölge hakkındaki başlık bu uygulama sınırlarını ve planlama kararını kaçırır.
Paragraph C groups roots, watering, pavement width and maintenance as constraints on planting. Its final sentence explicitly describes balancing comfort against space and upkeep. A heading about shade alone would miss these practical limits and the planning decision.
r8 · Learning from everyday use
D paragrafı kötü yerleştirilmiş banktan sakinlerin nerede bekleyip yürüdüğünü ve buluştuğunu sormaya geçer. Alışkanlıklar sıcaklık ölçümünün tek başına belirleyemediği yararlı konumları gösterir. Bank bir örnektir; temel mesaj günlük kullanımı anlamaktır.
Paragraph D moves from the poorly placed bench to asking residents where they wait, walk and meet. Their routines reveal useful locations that temperature readings alone cannot identify. The bench is an example; understanding everyday use is the broader message.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
A. Locating a service around people’s routines. The paragraph explains why the town changed its placement strategy after learning where people actually travelled.
Açıklama / Explanation
Kullanılmayan çeşmelerle gerçek yürüme güzergâhları arasındaki karşıtlık paragrafı yönlendirir. Fiyat verilmez; yeni yerleşim planlamak tüm mevcut çeşmeleri kaldırmak demek değildir.
The contrast between unused fountains and actual walking routes drives the paragraph. No price is given, and planning another installation does not mean removing every existing fountain.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
En fazla sekiz kelimeyle kendi başlığını yaz. Sadece “drinking fountains” konusunu değil, yerleştirme kararını anlattığını kontrol et.
Write your own heading in no more than eight words. Check that it describes the placement decision, not only “drinking fountains”.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Boşlukları doğru tamamla
Complete with precision
r9 · catalogue
Birinci paragraf üyelerin “online catalogue” aracılığıyla ayırttığını söyler. Online soruda verildiği için boşluğa yalnız catalogue gelir. Website benzer hizmeti anlatabilir ancak yönergede istenen kaynak kelime değildir.
Paragraph 1 says members reserve through an “online catalogue”. The question already supplies online, so only catalogue fills the gap. Website might describe a similar service but is not the source word requested by the instructions.
r10 · seven / 7
İkinci paragraftaki “Each loan lasts seven days” süreyi doğrudan verir. Bu alıştırmada seven ve 7 kabul edilir. Boşluktan sonra days bulunduğu için tekrarlama; ödünç süresini kontrol veya onarım süresiyle karıştırma.
“Each loan lasts seven days” in paragraph 2 gives the duration directly. Both seven and 7 are accepted here. Do not repeat days because it appears after the gap, and do not confuse the loan period with an inspection or repair time.
r11 · deposit
İkinci paragraf sıradan ürünlerin ücretsizliğini belirli pahalı aletler için iade edilebilir depozitoyla karşılaştırır. Soru bu sınırlı grubu korur. Refundable ardından deposit gelir; charge farklı ödemeyi anlatır ve metindeki ayrımı bozar.
Paragraph 2 contrasts no charge for ordinary items with a refundable deposit for certain expensive tools. The question preserves that limited group. Deposit fits after refundable; charge describes a different payment and reverses the distinction made in the text.
r12 · shelf
Son paragraf iade edilen malzemeyi kontrole kadar “separate shelf” üzerine koyar. Separate zaten yazılıdır; gereken isim shelf olur. Tekil biçim “a” ile uyumludur; shelves biçimi değiştirir ve cümleye uymaz.
The final paragraph places returned equipment on a “separate shelf” until inspection. Separate is already printed, leaving shelf as the required noun. The singular form fits “a”; shelves changes the form and does not match the sentence.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
1. helmets
2. ninety / 90
3. cupboard
Açıklama / Explanation
Borrow, lends fiilini yeniden ifade eder; çoğul nesne helmets gerekir. İkinci boşlukta minutes olmadan süre istenir. Üçüncüde “a” tekil cupboard ismini gerektirir; “storage room” ne metinde vardır ne bir kelimelik sınıra uyar.
Borrow paraphrases lends, so the plural object helmets is needed. The second gap requires the duration without minutes. In the third, “a” calls for the singular noun cupboard; “storage room” is neither stated nor within the one-word allowance.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Cevaplarını isim, sayı ve isim olarak etiketle. Eş anlamlı kelime kullandıysan veya birimi tekrarladıysan düzelt ve hata türünü notlarına kaydet.
Label your answers noun, number and noun. If you used a synonym or repeated a unit, correct it and record that error type in your notes.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Cümleyi kanıtıyla tamamla
Connect the sentence to its evidence
rx1 · C
İlk paragrafta sorun küçük yedek parçayı bulamamaktır; herkese yeni lamba dağıtıldığı söylenmez. “Small component”, “small replacement part” ifadesinin eş anlamlı anlatımıdır.
Paragraph 1 identifies difficulty obtaining a replacement part, not a policy of giving everyone a new lamp. “Small component” paraphrases “small replacement part”.
rx2 · G
Görüşmelerde saatlerin laboratuvar dersleriyle çakıştığı anlaşılır. Oda ve gönüllüler değişmez; maliyet artışı belirtilmez.
The interviews showed a clash with laboratory classes. The room and volunteers stayed the same, and no change in cost is reported.
rx3 · E
Her ziyaret için yeni kayıt açılır. Geri getirilen lamba birden çok kez sayılabilir; kayıt sayısı farklı tamir edilen nesne sayısı değildir.
A new entry was made for each visit. A returning lamp could appear more than once, so entries cannot be counted as distinct repaired objects.
rx4 · F
Dördüncü paragraf bu ürünlerin yetkin teknisyene yönlendirildiğini açıkça belirtir. Gönüllüler her ürünü tamir etmeyi taahhüt etmez.
Paragraph 4 explicitly says these items were referred to a qualified technician. The volunteers did not promise to repair every item.
rx5 · A
Teslimden sonra sahiplerle iletişim kurulmadığından tamirin ne kadar dayandığı bilinmez. Katılım artışı, dayanıklılık sorusunu cevaplamaz.
Owners had not been contacted after collection, so the team could not tell how long repairs lasted. More attendance does not answer this durability question.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
B. Returns were counted; purchases of disposable cups were not.
Açıklama / Explanation
Kaydedilen ölçümle çıkarılmak istenen sonuç farklı davranışları anlatır. İade sayısı, ikisini bağlayan kanıt olmadan satın almadaki değişimi göstermez.
The recorded measure and the proposed conclusion refer to different behaviour. A return count cannot establish a change in purchases without evidence linking them.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Kafenin hangi ek bilgiye ihtiyaç duyduğunu açıklayan bir cümle yaz ve karşılaştırılması gereken iki ölçümü belirt.
Write one sentence explaining what additional information the café would need, and identify the two measures that would need to be compared.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Yazarın görüşünü aktarılan iddiadan ayır
Separate the writer's view from a reported claim
ext-rv1 · NO
Yazar sessiz alanı tamamen kaldırmanın bazı kişileri dışlayacağını söyler ve sessiz bir alanı gerekli bulur. Bu, tüm sessiz alanların kaldırılmasıyla açıkça çelişir. Kampanyacıların önerisi aktarılır; yazarın benimsediği görüş değildir.
The writer says abandoning quiet space altogether would exclude some people and calls a quiet area essential. This explicitly contradicts removing all quiet areas. The campaigners’ proposal is reported before the writer’s objection; it is not an endorsed position.
ext-rv2 · YES
“Primarily the layout” ana nedeni açıkça belirtir. Tekrarlanan uyarılar bölmeden geçen sesi çözmemiştir. İfade yalnız Fenbridge örneğini kapsar; tüm kütüphanelere genelleme yapmaz. Bu nedenle yazarın değerlendirmesiyle örtüşür.
“Primarily the layout” explicitly identifies the main cause. Repeated reminders did not solve sound travelling through the partition. The statement preserves the narrow scope of the Fenbridge example rather than generalising to every library.
ext-rv3 · NOT GIVEN
Yazar yeniden düzenlemeyi daha mantıklı ilk adım bulur; tüm çözümlerin maliyetini karşılaştırmaz. Mantıklı, en ucuz demek değildir. Maliyet sıralaması eksiktir; tersini gösteren açık bilgi de yoktur.
The writer calls rearrangement a more sensible first response, but supplies no comparison of all available costs. Sensible does not mean cheapest. The missing cost ranking prevents a decision; there is no explicit contradiction either.
ext-rv4 · YES
Destek koşulludur: bazı masalar rezervasyonsuz kalmalı ve görevliler yüz yüze yardım sunmalıdır. Bunlar alternatif erişim yollarıdır. İfade koşulu korur; yazarın çevrim içi rezervasyonu sınırsız desteklediğini ileri sürmez.
The conditional support is explicit: some desks should remain unbooked and staff should offer in-person help. These are alternative routes to access. The statement retains the condition instead of claiming unconditional support for online booking.
ext-rv5 · NO
Son paragraf ziyaret sayısının tek başına yetersiz olduğunu söyler; kısa kitap alma ziyaretini uzun çalışmayla karşılaştırır. Bu, sufficient ifadesiyle doğrudan çelişir. Yazar çeşitli kanıtlar ister ve diğer yöntemlerin sınırını da kabul eder.
The final paragraph says visitor totals alone are insufficient, then contrasts short collection visits with longer study. That directly contradicts sufficient. The writer wants several kinds of evidence and also acknowledges the limits of interviews and observations.
ext-rv6 · NO
Yazar mevcut kullanıcılarla görüşmeyi yararlı başlangıç ama eksik bulur. Entirely worthless bu olumlu yargıyı siler. Yazar tüm yanıtları reddetmez; binaya giremeyenlerden ek bakış açıları ister.
The consultation is called a useful starting point, although incomplete. Entirely worthless erases this positive judgement. The writer wants additional perspectives from people who may not enter the library, not the rejection of all existing users’ responses.
ext-rv7 · YES
Danışma paragrafı kişinin hizmete değer verip binaya giremeyebileceğini veya açık saatlerde gelemeyebileceğini söyler. Ziyaret etmeme ilgisizliği kanıtlamaz. İfade may olasılığını korur; tüm kullanmayanlara genellemez.
The consultation paragraph explicitly says a person may value the service while being unable to enter or attend during opening hours. Non-attendance does not establish lack of interest. The statement preserves may rather than claiming this is true for every non-user.
ext-rv8 · NOT GIVEN
Toplulukları ziyaret önerilir; basılı davet ile e-posta tercihi verilmez. İfade metinde bulunmayan karşılaştırma getirir. Ne basılı davet tercihi ne karşıt tercih kanıtlanabilir.
Visiting community groups is proposed, but no preference between printed invitations and email is reported. The statement introduces a comparison the passage does not make. Neither a preference for print nor an opposing preference can be established.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
1. NO — practical workshops are an explicit exception.
2. YES — supervised equipment is still needed.
3. NOT GIVEN — no cost preference or comparison is supplied.
Açıklama / Explanation
İlk cevap every kapsamına bağlıdır. İkinci cevap belirtilen istisnayı korur. Üçüncü ifade, yazarın vermediği maliyet yargısını gerektirir; karşılaştırmanın yokluğu çevrim içi eğitimin pahalı olduğunu kanıtlamaz.
The first answer depends on the scope of every. The second preserves the stated exception. The third requires a cost judgement that the writer never gives; absence of a comparison does not prove online teaching is expensive.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
İlk ifadeyi YES olacak şekilde yeniden yaz. Yarın anahtara bakmadan üç ifadeyi yeniden sınıflandır; her karar için bir kanıt veya eksik bilgi belirt.
Rewrite the first statement so that it becomes YES. Tomorrow, classify the three statements again without looking at the key and give one evidence phrase for each decision.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
İhtiyaca uygun duyuruyu bul
Match a need to a practical notice
ext-gt1 · A
A, randevusuz form desteği sunar; ziyaretçi yerine cevap seçme veya parola girme sözü vermez. B de destek sunar ama cihazlar içindir ve rezervasyon gerektirir. Hizmet ve koşullar birlikte A ile eşleşir.
A offers form support without an appointment. It does not promise to choose answers or enter passwords for visitors. B also provides help but only with appliances and requires advance booking, so its service and conditions do not match.
ext-gt2 · D
D onaylı görüşme ve davet kopyası ister; yedi güne kadar kıyafet verir. Ödünç ücreti olmaması depozitoyu kaldırmaz. İhtiyaç geçici kıyafet ve görüşme kanıtıdır; diğer duyurular bu hizmeti sunmaz.
D requires a confirmed interview and a copy of the invitation, then offers an outfit for up to seven days. A refundable deposit is still required despite there being no loan charge. The other notices do not offer clothing.
ext-gt3 · C
C üyelere çarşamba hariç hafta içi altı ile dokuz arasında ücretsiz masa sağlar. Pazartesi zaman koşuluna, tek başına çalışma sessiz oda amacına uyar. A ise salı sabahı form desteğidir.
C provides free desks for members between six and nine on weekdays except Wednesday. Monday satisfies the time condition, and individual work satisfies the quiet-room purpose. A concerns Tuesday mornings and digital forms rather than evening study.
ext-gt4 · B
B küçük cihazları değerlendirir; perşembeye kadar rezervasyon ve sahibinin kalmasını ister. Ekmek kızartma makinesi bu gruba uyar. Tamir garantisi yoktur ve parça ücretli olabilir; fırsat sunulması ücretsiz kesin tamir demek değildir.
B assesses small appliances, requires booking by Thursday and asks owners to stay. A toaster fits the described category, but successful repair is not guaranteed and parts can cost extra. The question asks for an assessment opportunity, not a guaranteed free repair.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
No — ordering closes at noon on Friday; Saturday is collection time.
No — delivery is restricted to residents who cannot travel.
Açıklama / Explanation
İlk karar son sipariş saatini hizmet saatinden ayırır. İkinci karar only sonrasındaki uygunluk koşulunu korur. Gerçek bir mutfağın istisna yapabileceğini varsaymaya gerek yoktur.
The first decision separates a deadline from a service time. The second preserves the eligibility restriction after only. Neither decision needs assumptions about what a real kitchen might allow as an exception.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Yeni müşteri için iki satır yaz: son tarih ve uygunluk. Yarın teslim alma saatinin neden sipariş son tarihi sorusunu cevaplamadığını açıkla.
Write a two-line checklist for a new customer: deadline and eligibility. Tomorrow, explain why collection time cannot answer a question about the ordering deadline.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Başlığı değil, ayrıntının yerini bul
Find the detail, not the heading
ril-1 · B
B, “their working day ended after the laboratory closed” diyerek bir oturumun akşama taşınmasını açıklar. İptallerle program değişikliği bağlanır. A ilk ihtiyacı, C test yöntemini, D raporlama sınırlarını, E katılmayanlara erişimi anlatır; hiçbiri bu saat değişikliğini açıklamaz.
B says “their working day ended after the laboratory closed”, then describes moving one session to the evening. This links cancellations to the changed timetable. A explains the original need, C the testing procedure, D reporting limits and E outreach to non-users; none explains this schedule adjustment.
ril-2 · D
D, raporun “did not assign a monetary value to time contributed by volunteers” olduğunu söyler. Gönüllü zamanı parasal toplamda yoktur. A erişimi, B değişmeyen personeli, C deney kontrollerini, E danışmayı anlatır. B'deki personelin değişmemesi, rapordan çıkarılan maliyeti belirtmez.
D says the report “did not assign a monetary value to time contributed by volunteers”. Volunteer time is therefore missing from the monetary total. A mentions access, B staffing that stayed unchanged, C experimental controls and E consultation. Unchanged staffing in B does not identify an omitted cost.
ril-3 · C
C'deki “carried codes rather than brand names”, tanıdık markanın yargıyı etkilemesini azaltır. Sorulan ayrıntı bu kodlama yöntemidir. A ortak erişimi anlatır; B saati, E duyuruyu değiştirir; D ziyaret ve maliyeti kaydeder. Bunlar malzemenin kimliğini gizleyen yöntemler değildir.
C states that strips “carried codes rather than brand names”, reducing the influence of a familiar label. The requested detail is this coding method. A describes shared access; B changes timing; D records visits and costs; E changes publicity. None of those measures conceals a material's identity.
ril-4 · E
E, “had never made a booking” olan kişilerle görüşmeyi anlatır; mevcut katılımcıların dışına çıkar. B'de de görüşme vardır ama kişiler ayırttıkları yeri iptal etmiştir. A amacı, C testi, D rapor tanımlarını verir. Hiç rezervasyon yapmayanları açıkça hedefleyen yalnız E'dir.
E describes speaking to people who “had never made a booking”. This deliberately reaches beyond existing participants. B also uses interviews, but those interviewees had cancelled booked places. A gives the purpose, C a test procedure and D report definitions. Only E explicitly targets people who never booked.
ril-5 · A
A'daki “could not justify buying equipment for occasional projects”, seyrek kullanım için satın almanın uygun bulunmadığını açıklar. Paylaşılan erişim bu ihtiyacı karşılar. B katılım saatleri, C adil testler, D ölçüm, E duyuru engelleriyle ilgilidir. D'deki maliyet raporu, kullanıcıların ilk paylaşım gerekçesi değildir.
A explains that local groups “could not justify buying equipment for occasional projects”. Shared access addresses that infrequent need. B concerns attendance times, C fair tests, D how the service is measured and E publicity barriers. Cost reporting in D is not the original reason users needed shared equipment.
ril-6 · D
D'de geri dönen katılımcı “a new entry each time” oluşturur; toplam, mevcut kullanıcıların daha sık gelmesini gösterebilir. B artan katılımı verir ama farklı kişi sayısını tanımlamaz. A amacı, C tekrarlanan malzeme testini, E gelecek duyuruyu anlatır. C'deki tekrarlar insan değil numune hakkındadır.
D says a returning participant created “a new entry each time” and that totals could reflect more frequent visits by existing users. B reports improved attendance but does not define unique users. A gives the purpose, C repeated material tests and E future outreach. C's repetitions concern samples, not people.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
1. A — the driver's availability explains the change.
2. B — loans are not unique borrowers.
3. B — donated shelving is omitted.
4. C — people who never joined are consulted.
Açıklama / Explanation
B'deki iki cümle farklı raporlama sınırlarını anlattığı için iki soruyu cevaplar. Harf tekrarı açık yönergeye uyar; soruların aynı olduğu anlamına gelmez.
B answers two different questions because its two sentences concern different reporting limitations. The repeated letter follows the explicit instruction; it does not mean the questions are duplicates.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Cevabı C olan beşinci soruyu, cümlesini kopyalamadan yaz. Sorunun mevcut üyeleri değil, üye olmayanları sorduğunu kontrol et.
Write a fifth question whose answer is C without copying its wording. Check that your question still asks about non-members, not current members.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
İddiayı doğru araştırmacıyla eşleştir
Match a claim to the right researcher
rrf-1 · A
B paragrafında Vale, “reported confidence with recorded behaviour” karşılaştırır. Duraklama ve yanlış dönüşler gözlenen kanıttır. Park tabela dilini sınar, Reed olağan geri bildirimde olmayanlara ulaşır, Shaw sonraki yön bulmayı inceler. Öz bildirimle yolculuktaki davranışı doğrudan karşılaştıran Vale'dir.
Paragraph B says Vale compared “reported confidence with recorded behaviour”. Pauses and wrong turns provide the observed evidence. Park tests sign wording, Reed reaches people absent from ordinary feedback, and Shaw tests later navigation. Only Vale directly compares self-reports with behaviour on the journey.
rrf-2 · B
C paragrafında Park iki etiketi karşılaştırırken “arrow, position and lettering size stayed unchanged” der. Böylece dil ayrıştırılır. Vale tabelaları değiştirmeden davranışı gözler; Reed dışarıda kalan yolculukları, Shaw gecikmeli dönüşü inceler. Ortak bina, bu kişileri dil araştırmacısı yapmaz.
Paragraph C says the “arrow, position and lettering size stayed unchanged” while Park compared two labels. This isolates wording. Vale observes behaviour without changing signs; Reed studies excluded journeys; Shaw returns after a delay. Neither their methods nor the shared building identifies them as the wording researcher.
rrf-3 · C
D paragrafı içerideki formların “missed people who had avoided visiting altogether” olduğunu açıklar. Reed yerel kuruluşlardan bu kişilere ulaşır. Vale'in gözlenen ziyaretçileri, Park'ın test grupları ve Shaw'ın dönen katılımcıları merkeze girmiştir. Diğer yöntemler burada anlatılan eksik nüfusu hedeflemez.
Paragraph D explains that indoor forms “missed people who had avoided visiting altogether”. Reed recruited through local organisations to include them. Vale's observed visitors, Park's first-time test groups and Shaw's returning tour participants had entered the centre. None of those methods targets the absent population described here.
rrf-4 · D
E paragrafında Shaw katılımcıları “three weeks after a guided tour” geri çağırır ve “a different room”a gönderir. Hem gecikme hem değişen görev vardır. Vale ziyaret geçmişini, Park etiketleri, Reed katılımcı kapsamını inceler. Diğerleri bu gecikmeli dönüşü yeni hedefle birleştirmez.
Paragraph E says Shaw invited people back “three weeks after a guided tour” and sent them to “a different room”. Delay and a changed task are both present. Vale compares visitor histories; Park changes labels; Reed broadens recruitment. None of those studies combines this delayed return with a new destination.
rrf-5 · A
B paragrafında geri gelenler “could remember a destination even when a sign was unclear”; bu yüzden Vale grupları ayırır. Park dil karşılaştırmasında ilk kez gelenleri kullanır ama dönenlerle karşılaştırmaz. Reed erişim engellerini, Shaw rehberli ziyaretten sonraki aktarımı inceler.
Paragraph B says returning visitors “could remember a destination even when a sign was unclear”; Vale therefore kept the two groups separate. Park uses first-time groups to compare wording but does not compare them with returners. Reed examines access barriers, while Shaw tests transfer after a guided visit.
rrf-6 · D
E paragrafında Shaw, “familiarity with one route” ile bina düzenini anlamayı ayırır. Bazıları eski hedefi hatırlayıp farklı odada zorlanır. Vale'in duraklama kayıtları ilk yolculuğu, Park etiketleri, Reed erişimi ele alır. Burada sorulan esnekliği sınayan Shaw'dır.
Paragraph E says Shaw distinguished “familiarity with one route” from understanding the layout. Some visitors remembered the old destination but struggled with a different room. Vale's hesitation records concern the initial journey; Park's result concerns labels; Reed's concerns access. Shaw alone tests the flexibility claimed here.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
1. B — non-visitors cannot complete an exit survey.
2. C — a later visit and unfamiliar room test transfer.
3. A — pictograms change while the words stay constant.
Açıklama / Explanation
Fiiller ve kontrol edilen özellikler kişileri ayırır: görüşme örneklemi genişletir, gecikmeli yeni görev aktarımı sınar, değişmeyen kelimeler simgeleri ayrıştırır. Ortak bina konusu eşleşmeyi belirlemez.
The verbs and controlled features distinguish the researchers: interviews broaden the sample, a delayed new task tests transfer, and unchanged words isolate the symbols. The common building topic cannot decide the match.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
A araştırmacısı için bir ek ifade ve çekici ama desteksiz bir ifade yaz. Hangi tam ayrıntının yalnız ilkini geçerli kıldığını açıkla.
Write one additional statement for researcher A and one tempting but unsupported statement. Explain which exact detail makes only the first match valid.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Açıklamayı oku, şemayı tamamla
Read the explanation, complete the diagram
rgr-1 · To investigate how a planted roof could delay rainwater release.
A'daki “delaying part of that flow”, amacın akışın zamanlaması olduğunu gösterir; her fırtınayı emmek değildir. Yapı maliyetlerini karşılaştırmak veya sokak giderlerini kaldırmak hedeflenmez. Bu seçenekler deney için metinde belirtilmeyen amaçlar ekler.
A says the team was interested in “delaying part of that flow”. The aim concerns timing, not absorbing every storm. It does not seek a building-cost comparison or the removal of street drains. Those alternatives introduce goals the passage never assigns to the experiment.
rgr-2 · To make the two roof treatments easier to compare.
B, koşulları sabit tutmanın “made the two roof treatments easier to compare” olduğunu söyler. Kontroller kaplar arasındaki diğer farkları azaltır. Her fırtınayı taklit etmez, ideal dikim derinliğini belirlemez veya iki kabın aynı miktarda su bırakacağını kanıtlamaz.
B states that holding these conditions constant “made the two roof treatments easier to compare”. The controls reduce other differences between the trays. They do not reproduce every storm, establish the ideal planting depth or prove that both trays must release identical amounts of water.
rgr-3 · Starting moisture conditions should be considered when comparing results.
E, önceden ıslak kabın “retained less additional water” olduğunu ve “the starting moisture condition mattered” sonucunu verir. Bitkilerin gereksizliğini, tüm gerçek çatıların aynı davrandığını veya yalnız kuru kabın yeterli olduğunu göstermez. Bu seçenekler belirtilen sınırlılığı siler.
E reports that the already-wet tray “retained less additional water” and concludes that “the starting moisture condition mattered”. It does not show that vegetation is unnecessary, that all full-sized roofs behave identically, or that testing only a dry tray is sufficient. Each alternative removes the stated limitation.
rgr-4 · substrate
C, kökleri destekleyen ve su tutan “shallow layer of substrate” ifadesini verir. Substrate, tam tek kelimelik etikettir. Filter bunun altındadır; drainage daha aşağıda fazla suyu taşır. Shallow substrate veya growing layer sınırı aşar ya da istenen kaynak etiketini değiştirir.
C names a “shallow layer of substrate” that supports roots and holds water. Substrate is the exact one-word label. Filter belongs below this layer; drainage carries excess water further down. Shallow substrate or growing layer would either exceed the limit or replace the requested source label.
rgr-5 · filter
C, “Immediately beneath the substrate lay a filter” der; bu katman ince parçacıkların alta geçmesini önler. Filter hem konuma hem işleve uyar. Membrane kanalların altında tabanı suya karşı korur; buradaki parçacık engeli değildir. Fine filter, ONE WORD sınırını aşar.
C says “Immediately beneath the substrate lay a filter” that stops fine particles reaching the lower layer. Filter matches both position and function. Membrane is beneath the channels and waterproofs the deck; it is not the particle barrier described here. Fine filter would break ONE WORD.
rgr-6 · drainage
C, “This lower layer provided drainage” der ve kanalların fazla suyu çıkışa taşıdığını açıklar. Drainage kanal katmanının kaynak etiketidir. Outlet katman değil varış noktasıdır; membrane alttaki su geçirmez engeldir. Drainage layer iki kelimedir ve yönergeyi aşar.
C states “This lower layer provided drainage” and explains that its channels carry excess water towards the outlet. Drainage is the source label for the channel layer. Outlet is a destination, not a layer; membrane is the waterproof barrier below. Drainage layer contains two words and exceeds the instruction.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
1. screen
2. Release speed changed. The partly closed valve slowed the flow, but the final one-hour total remained the same.
Açıklama / Explanation
Screen, hem kaynak kelimeyi hem rezervuardan önceki konumu sağlar. Eşit son toplam, yavaş akışın suyu kalıcı olarak yok ettiği çıkarımını engeller. İki farklı soru, iki farklı kanıt ister.
Screen supplies both the source word and the position before the reservoir. The equal final total prevents an inference that slower flow permanently removed water. Two different questions require two different pieces of evidence.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Dört parçayı kutu ve oklarla çiz. Her parçaya bir işlev yaz; sonra reservoir kelimesinin sırayı değiştirmeden ilk boşluğa neden gelemeyeceğini açıkla.
Draw the four parts as boxes and arrows. Label each part with one function, then explain why reservoir cannot fill the first blank without changing the order.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Düzeltmeyi duy
Hear a correction
l1 · Wednesday
Görevli “used to be on Monday” ile “the next course meets on Wednesday” ifadelerini karşılaştırır. Used to artık geçerli olmayan düzeni gösterir. Boşluk güncel atölye gününü ister; cevap arayanın ilk önerisi değil, onaylanan Wednesday bilgisidir.
The receptionist contrasts “used to be on Monday” with “the next course meets on Wednesday”. Used to marks the superseded arrangement. The gap asks for the workshop day now, so Wednesday is the relevant confirmed detail, not the caller’s initial suggestion.
l2 · 6:30 / 6.30
Eski afiş altıyı gösterir; görevli “six thirty in the evening” diyerek onaylar. 6:30 veya 6.30 yaz; p.m. zaten verilmiştir. On dakika erken gelme ayrı talimattır; 6:20 başlangıç değil varış sorusunu cevaplardı.
The old poster says six, but the receptionist confirms “six thirty in the evening”. Write 6:30 or 6.30; p.m. is already supplied. Arriving ten minutes early is a separate instruction, so 6:20 would answer an arrival question, not this starting-time gap.
l3 · 45 / forty-five
“That was last year’s price” kırk sterlini geçersiz kılar; “this time the total is forty-five” güncel ücreti verir. Boşlukta £ zaten bulunduğundan yalnız miktar yeterlidir. Ekipman ve basılı rehber dahildir; eklenecek ücretler değildir.
“That was last year’s price” rejects forty pounds, and “this time the total is forty-five” supplies the current fee. The gap already contains £, so the amount alone is enough. Equipment and the printed guide are included, not extra charges to add.
l4 · garden
Arayan ana salonu önerir, ancak salon boyanmaktadır. Görevli “the garden room instead” diye onaylar. Soruda room verildiği için yalnız garden yaz. Resepsiyon ve merdiven rota tarifidir; alternatif buluşma yerleri değildir.
The caller suggests the main hall, but it is being painted. The receptionist confirms “the garden room instead”. Because the question already supplies room, write garden only. Reception and the stairs are directions on the route, not alternative meeting places.
Kayıttaki kanıt / Evidence in the recording
l1
It used to be on Monday, but the next course meets on Wednesday.
Eski düzen → yeni kurs
Past arrangement → current course
Used to, Monday bilgisini geçmişe yerleştirir. But sonraki kursun gününü getirir; bu zaman bağlantısını izle.
Used to places Monday in the past. But introduces the day for the next course; follow that time reference.
l2
That poster is out of date. The new group starts at six thirty in the evening.
Güncel olmayan duyuruyu ele
Reject the outdated notice
Görevli başlangıç saatinden önce afişi geçersiz kılar. Erken gelmek ayrı bir eylemdir; yeni başlangıç saati değildir.
The receptionist invalidates the poster before giving the start time. Early arrival is a separate action, not a revised start.
l3
That was last year's price. This time the total is forty-five pounds.
Geçen yıl → bu sefer
Last year → this time
İki zaman ifadesi fiyatları farklı kurs dönemlerine bağlar. Güncel toplamı al; dahil olan ürünleri ayrıca ekleme.
The two time phrases attach each price to a different course. Keep the current total; do not add included items.
l4
The hall is being painted. We'll use the garden room instead.
Neden + yerine geçen yer
Reason + replacement
Boyama, önerilen salonun neden kullanılamadığını açıklar. Instead seçilen odayı işaretler; room boşluk dışında verilmiştir.
Painting explains why the suggested hall is unavailable. Instead marks the selected room; the gap already supplies room.
Anlam alıştırması · çözümler / Meaning practice · solutions
Hangi sorumluluk katılımcıya aittir?
Which responsibility belongs to the participant?
Bring something to record personal observations
You will need to bring a notebook for your own observations.
Provide a camera for every session
Sonradan kamera ödünç verilebilir; bu cümle farklı bir sorumluluk yükler.
A camera can be lent later; this sentence assigns a different responsibility.
Bring something to record personal observations
Doğru. Defter katılımcının kendi gözlemlerini kaydetmesi içindir.
Correct. A notebook is for recording the participant’s own observations.
Print the centre’s guide at home
Rehber ücrete dahildir; evde çıktı alınması istenmez.
The guide is included in the fee; home printing is not requested.
Erken gelme talimatının kapsamı nedir?
How far does the early-arrival instruction extend?
It explicitly applies to the first session
Please arrive ten minutes early for the first session so we can check your registration.
It explicitly applies to the first session
Doğru. For the first session talimatı sınırlar; bunu kendiliğinden her haftaya genişletme.
Correct. For the first session limits this instruction; do not silently extend it to every week.
It explicitly applies to every weekly session
Every, belirtilen ilk oturumdan daha geniştir.
Every is broader than the stated first session.
It applies only when borrowing equipment
Belirtilen amaç ekipman ödünç almak değil, kayıt kontrolüdür.
The stated purpose is checking registration, not borrowing equipment.
Transcript
Receptionist: Good morning, Riverside Community Centre. How can I help?
Caller: I would like to join the photography workshop next month. Is it still on Monday?
Receptionist: It used to be on Monday, but the next course meets on Wednesday. There are four weekly sessions.
Caller: That's fine. I finish work at five, so I need to check the starting time. I saw six o'clock on an old poster.
Receptionist: That poster is out of date. The new group starts at six thirty in the evening. Please arrive ten minutes early for the first session so we can check your registration.
Caller: Do I need to bring a camera? I only have my phone at the moment.
Receptionist: A phone is fine for the first two sessions. Later, we can lend you a camera at no extra charge. You will need to bring a notebook for your own observations.
Caller: And how much does the course cost? I remember a fee of forty pounds.
Receptionist: That was last year's price. This time the total is forty-five pounds. That includes a printed guide and use of the centre's equipment.
Caller: Where do we meet? In the main hall?
Receptionist: The hall is being painted. We'll use the garden room instead. Go past reception and turn left after the stairs.
Caller: Great. I'll book online this afternoon.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
1. four / 4
2. notebook
3. ten / 10
Açıklama / Explanation
Görevli “four weekly sessions” der, gözlemler için notebook getirilmesini ve on dakika erken gelinmesini ister. Başlangıçta telefon yeterlidir ve sonra kamera ödünç verilebilir; bunlar defter getirme talimatının yerine geçmez.
The receptionist says “four weekly sessions”, asks the caller to bring a notebook for observations, and requests arrival ten minutes early. A phone is acceptable initially and a camera can be lent later; those facts do not replace the notebook instruction.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Yalnızca cevapladıktan sonra transkripti kontrol et. Hata yaptığın yerin önceki cümlesini yeniden dinle ve nedeni sınıflandır: kaçırılan düzeltme, yanlış bilgi türü veya yazım. Bu tekrar alıştırmasıdır; yeni bir band puanı testi değildir.
Check the transcript only after answering. Replay the sentence before any error and classify the cause: missed correction, wrong information category or spelling. This is a replay exercise, not a fresh band-score test.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Fikir değişimini takip et
Follow agreement and change
l5 · How students choose study spaces
Maya önce sınav sonuçlarını karşılaştırmayı önerir; Owen üç haftada güvenilir veri bulunamayacağını söyler. Öğrencilerin çalışma yerini nasıl seçtiğini araştırmayı önerir ve Maya bunu gerçekçi bulup kabul eder. Bina maliyeti önerilmez; seçenekten söz etmek onu kabul etmek değildir.
Maya first proposes comparing exam results, but Owen says reliable data cannot be obtained in three weeks. He proposes investigating how students choose study spaces, and Maya accepts it as realistic. Building costs are not proposed; mentioning an option is not accepting it.
l6 · Through department newsletters
Maya kütüphane girişinden katılımcı seçmeyi, oraya gitmeyenleri dışlayacağı için reddeder. Üç bölümün bülteniyle davet önerir; Owen daveti hazırlamayı kabul eder. Her öğrenciyle tek tek iletişime geçmek kabul edilen yöntem değildir.
Maya rejects recruitment at the library entrance because it would miss students who avoid the library. She proposes invitations through three departments’ newsletters, and Owen agrees to draft the invitation. Contacting every student individually is not their agreed recruitment method.
l7 · Twenty
Elli kişi önerilir ancak bu kadar görüşmeyi yazıya dökmek uzun süreceği için elenir. Yirmi yönetilebilir bulunur ve açıkça kabul edilir. İki sınıf arkadaşı, burada sorulan ana örneklem değil, soruları deneme aşamasındadır.
Fifty is suggested, then rejected because transcribing that many interviews would take too long. Twenty is proposed as manageable and explicitly accepted. The two classmates belong to the question-testing stage, not the main interview sample asked for here.
l8 · Test and revise the interview questions
Soruları iki sınıf arkadaşıyla deneyecek, belirsiz yerleri düzeltecek, sonra danışmanla konuşacaklar. “After we’ve revised the questions” sırayı belirler. Rapor yayımlamak belirtilen önceki adım değildir; sınav sonuçları toplamak zaten elenmiştir.
They will test questions with two classmates, revise anything unclear, and then speak to the tutor. “After we’ve revised the questions” establishes the sequence. Publishing a report is not the stated preceding step, and collecting exam results was already rejected.
Kayıttaki kanıt / Evidence in the recording
l5
Could we focus on how students choose where to study instead?
Maya: Yes, that is realistic.
Öneri + açık kabul
Proposal + explicit acceptance
Soru yeni bir odak önerir; Maya’nın yanıtı onu kabul eder. Önceki sınav sonuçları fikrinde böyle bir uzlaşma oluşmaz.
The question proposes a new focus; Maya’s reply accepts it. The earlier exam-results idea never reaches this agreement.
l6
Then we'd miss students who avoid the library. Let's invite volunteers from three different departments through their student newsletters.
İtirazdan sonra katılımcı bulma yöntemi değişir
Recruitment changes after an objection
İlk cümle girişte görüşmenin kimi dışlayacağını söyler. İkinci cümle daha geniş davet kanalını verir.
The first sentence identifies who the entrance method would exclude. The second supplies the wider invitation route.
l7
We don't have time to transcribe fifty. Twenty would give us a manageable starting sample.
Owen: All right, twenty.
Reddedilen sayı → kabul edilen sayı
Rejected number → accepted number
Yazıya dökme süresi büyük öneriyi eler. Owen küçük örneklemi tekrarlayıp kabul eder; sınıf arkadaşları ön denemeye aittir.
Transcription time rules out the larger proposal. Owen repeats and accepts the smaller sample; classmates belong to the pilot.
l8
We could test the questions with two classmates first. If anything is unclear, we'll change it before the real interviews.
Maya: Let's do that on Friday, and speak to our tutor after we've revised the questions.
First / before / after
First / before / after
Zaman işaretlerinden sırayı kur: soruları dene, düzelt, sonra danışmana git. Yalnız denemek düzeltme adımını eksik bırakır.
Build the sequence from the time markers: try the questions, improve them, then consult the tutor. Testing alone leaves out revision.
Anlam alıştırması · çözümler / Meaning practice · solutions
Maya’nın ankete itirazı nedir?
What is Maya’s objection to the questionnaire?
It would not let them explore an answer with another question
We might get lots of responses, but we wouldn't be able to ask follow-up questions. I'd prefer short interviews.
Too few students could receive it
Çok yanıt gelebileceğini kabul eder; itirazı erişimle ilgili değildir.
She allows that many responses are possible; reach is not her objection.
It would require names in the final report
Anonimlik daha sonra ele alınır; buradaki itiraz bu değildir.
Anonymity is discussed later; it is not this objection.
It would not let them explore an answer with another question
Doğru. Takip soruları görüşmeciye katılımcının ne demek istediğini açma fırsatı verir.
Correct. Follow-up questions let an interviewer explore what a respondent means.
Hangi yeniden ifade anonymous notes anlamını korur?
Which paraphrase keeps the meaning of anonymous notes?
Notes that do not identify participants by name
I'll also create a shared spreadsheet for anonymous notes. We don't need names in the final report.
Notes made without consulting the tutor
Anonymous kimlikle ilgilidir; danışmana başvurulup başvurulmamasıyla değil.
Anonymous concerns identity, not whether a tutor is consulted.
Notes that do not identify participants by name
Doğru. Sonraki cümle, isim bulunmamasıyla anonimliği açıklar.
Correct. The next sentence explains anonymity through the absence of names.
Notes containing no interview responses
Görüşme bilgilerine hâlâ ihtiyaçları vardır; gereksiz olan kimlik belirleyen isimlerdir.
They still need the information from interviews; only identifying names are unnecessary.
Transcript
Maya: We need to finalise our project about study spaces. I was thinking of comparing exam results for students who study at home and in the library.
Owen: That would be interesting, but we can't get reliable exam data in three weeks. Could we focus on how students choose where to study instead?
Maya: Yes, that is realistic. We can ask what matters to them, such as noise, travel and available desks.
Owen: Should we send a questionnaire to the whole university?
Maya: We might get lots of responses, but we wouldn't be able to ask follow-up questions. I'd prefer short interviews.
Owen: Agreed. Shall we interview people at the library entrance?
Maya: Then we'd miss students who avoid the library. Let's invite volunteers from three different departments through their student newsletters.
Owen: Good point. I can draft the invitation. How many interviews do we need? Fifty?
Maya: We don't have time to transcribe fifty. Twenty would give us a manageable starting sample.
Owen: All right, twenty. We should explain that volunteers won't represent every student.
Maya: Definitely. Another thing: we shouldn't write questions that push people towards saying the library is better.
Owen: We could test the questions with two classmates first. If anything is unclear, we'll change it before the real interviews.
Maya: Let's do that on Friday, and speak to our tutor after we've revised the questions.
Owen: I'll also create a shared spreadsheet for anonymous notes. We don't need names in the final report.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
1. Interviews allow follow-up questions.
2. Questions should not push people towards saying the library is better.
3. Notes are to be anonymous; names are not needed in the final report.
Açıklama / Explanation
Konuşma çok sayıda anket yanıtını takip sorusu sorabilme imkânıyla karşılaştırır. Katılımcıyı belli cevaba itme uyarısı yönlendirici sorularla ilgilidir. Anonim notlar kimliklerin nasıl ele alınacağını anlatır; danışmanın özel bir politika zorunlu tuttuğu gibi desteklenmeyen iddia ekleme.
The dialogue explicitly contrasts many questionnaire responses with the ability to ask follow-up questions. The warning about pushing respondents concerns leading questions. Anonymous notes describe how identities will be handled; do not add an unsupported claim that the tutor demanded a particular policy.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Öneri → itiraz → son karar biçiminde üç aşama çiz. Kayıttan bir örnek kullan. Tekrarı yalnızca kanıtı kontrol etmek için yap; bu notlardan band puanı hesaplama.
Draw three arrows: proposal → objection → final decision. Use one example from the recording. Replay only to check the evidence, not to estimate a band score from these notes.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Dersin iskeletini çıkar
Build a lecture outline
l9 · learning
Girişte “Learning is part of the process” denerek sahiplerin neden kalmasının istendiği açıklanır. Tek amaç ücretsiz onarım değildir. Learning, “is part of the process” öncesine uyan isimdir; eş anlamlı uydurmak yerine söylenen biçimi al.
The introduction says “Learning is part of the process”, immediately explaining why owners are encouraged to stay. A free repair is not the only aim. Learning is the noun that fits before “is part of the process”; copy the spoken form rather than inventing a synonym.
l10 · safety
“First” ile başlayan bölüm elektrikli onarımın başarılı görünse de güvensiz olabileceğini açıklar. Bu nedenle iade öncesinde safety check gerekir. Check soruda zaten olduğundan notu yalnız safety tamamlar.
In the section beginning “First”, the speaker explains that an electrical repair may look successful but still be unsafe. Organisers therefore require a safety check before return. Check is already in the question, so safety alone completes the note.
l11 · three / 3
“However” bölümü nesnelerin hâlâ çalışıp çalışmadığını sormak için sahiplerle üç ay sonra iletişimi anlatır. Bu takip zamanıdır; onarımın uzunluğu değildir. Three veya 3 uyar; months boşluk dışında verilmiştir.
The “However” section describes contacting owners after three months to ask whether objects still worked. This is the timing of a follow-up, not the length of the repair process. Three or 3 fits; months is already provided outside the gap.
l12 · experiences
Son cümle basit onarım toplamı yerine kayıtlarla “participants’ experiences” bilgisini birleştirir. Experiences kayıtta duyulan çoğul biçimdir. Sosyal bakışı yansıtır; alıştırma anahtarı farklı tekil biçim experience kelimesini kabul etmez.
The final sentence combines repair records with “participants’ experiences” rather than a simple repair total. Experiences is the exact plural form heard in the recording. It captures the social perspective; the practice key does not accept the different singular form experience.
Kayıttaki kanıt / Evidence in the recording
l9
Learning is part of the process, so owners are usually encouraged to stay and take part.
So nedeni eyleme bağlar
So links reason to action
Kalma eyleminden geriye bak: neden öğrenme sürecine katılımdır. Is öncesine uyan, kayıtta söylenen ismi koru.
Read backwards from staying: the reason is participation in learning. Keep the spoken noun that fits before is.
l10
the organisers require a safety check before an electrical item can be returned to its owner.
İade öncesi zorunlu
Required before return
Before kontrolü iadenin koşulu yapar. Yalnız check kelimesini niteleyen sözcüğü yaz; verilen ismi tekrarlama.
Before makes the check a condition of return. Supply only the word modifying check; do not repeat the printed noun.
l11
One event solved this by contacting owners after three months.
Takip aralığı
Follow-up interval
After sayıyı sonraki iletişime bağlar. Gönüllülerin bir nesneyi onarmaya harcadığı süreyi ölçmez.
After connects the number to the later contact. It does not measure how long volunteers spent repairing an object.
l12
A useful evaluation therefore combines repair records with participants' experiences, rather than relying only on a total of objects fixed.
A ile B’yi birleştirir
Combines A with B
Onarım kayıtları ikilinin bir tarafıdır. Eksik taraf participants’ sonrasındaki çoğul isimdir; kelime sonunu koru.
Repair records supply one side of the pair. The missing side is the plural noun after participants’; preserve its ending.
Anlam alıştırması · çözümler / Meaning practice · solutions
Konuşmacı yedek parçalar hakkında hangi karşılaştırmayı yapar?
Which comparison does the lecturer make about spare parts?
Finding a part can be more difficult than paying for it
In many cases, availability is a bigger problem than the cost of the part itself.
Finding a part can be more difficult than paying for it
Doğru. Availability parçayı bulabilmeyle ilgilidir; konuşmacı bu güçlüğü maliyetle karşılaştırır.
Correct. Availability concerns obtaining a part; the speaker compares that difficulty with cost.
Every part costs more than a new object
Yeni nesneyle fiyat karşılaştırması yapılmaz; every de kapsamı aşar.
No comparison with a new object is given, and every is too broad.
Expensive parts are always easy to obtain
Konuşmacı yüksek fiyatı daha kolay bulunabilirlikle ilişkilendirmez.
The speaker does not connect a higher price with easier availability.
Gönüllülerin geri gelmesine ilişkin açıklama ne kadar kesindir?
How certain is the proposed explanation for volunteers returning?
It is offered as a possible contributing reason
These benefits are harder to express as a single number, but they may help explain why volunteers return.
It is established as the only reason
Only belirsizliği kaldırır ve tek neden iddiası ekler.
Only removes the uncertainty and invents an exclusive cause.
It is offered as a possible contributing reason
Doğru. May help olası bir katkı sunar; eksiksiz ve kanıtlanmış açıklama sunmaz.
Correct. May help presents a possible contribution, not a complete proven explanation.
It is dismissed as irrelevant
Ölçmesi daha zor olmak ilgisiz olmak değildir; konuşmacı faydaları geri gelmeyle ilişkilendirir.
Harder to measure does not mean irrelevant; the speaker still links the benefits to returning.
Transcript
Today we will look at repair cafes. These are community events where people bring damaged household objects and work with volunteers to repair them. The aim is not simply to provide a free repair service. Learning is part of the process, so owners are usually encouraged to stay and take part.
First, consider the practical organisation. Volunteers sort items into categories before work begins. Electrical equipment needs particular attention because a repair that looks successful may still be unsafe. At the event we are discussing, the organisers require a safety check before an electrical item can be returned to its owner.
Next, there is the question of parts. A missing switch or an unusual screw can delay an otherwise simple job. Organisers sometimes keep a small stock of common parts, but they cannot store everything. In many cases, availability is a bigger problem than the cost of the part itself.
However, we should be cautious when measuring success. Counting the number of repaired objects tells us something useful, but it does not show how long those objects remain in use. One event solved this by contacting owners after three months. The follow-up asked whether the object still worked and whether another repair had been necessary.
Finally, repair events can create social benefits. Participants exchange skills and meet neighbours. These benefits are harder to express as a single number, but they may help explain why volunteers return. A useful evaluation therefore combines repair records with participants' experiences, rather than relying only on a total of objects fixed.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
availability
Counting repaired objects does not show how long they remain in use, and a total alone cannot capture participants’ social experiences.
Açıklama / Explanation
“Next” ile başlayan bölüm bulunabilirliği maliyetle karşılaştırır. “However” bölümü kullanımın devamını, “Finally” bölümü sosyal yararları ekler. Bunlar basit onarım toplamının iki ayrı sınırıdır; hiçbiri sayının değersiz olduğunu söylemez.
The section beginning “Next” contrasts availability with cost. The “However” section introduces durability, while “Finally” adds social benefits. These are two distinct limits of a simple repair total; neither means the count has no value.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Dört satırlık iskelet oluştur: amaç, uygulama sorunu, sınırlılık, geniş yarar. Her satıra kayıttan bir ayrıntı ekle; bir örneği genel sonuç yerine koymadığını kontrol et.
Make a four-line outline: purpose, practical issue, limitation, wider benefit. Add one detail to each line from the recording, then check that you have not mistaken an example for the overall conclusion.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
İkinci dinleme · ayrıntıları ayır
Second listen · separate related details
lx1 · 2 / two
Görevli telefonun ilk iki oturum için uygun olduğunu söyler. Four haftalık oturumların toplam sayısıdır; telefonun ne kadar süre kullanılacağını belirtmez.
The receptionist says a phone is fine for the first two sessions. Four is the total number of weekly sessions; it does not specify how long the phone can be used.
lx2 · registration
“So we can check your registration” erken gelme isteğinin nedenidir. Boşluk kaç dakika önce geleceğini veya dersin saatini değil, görevlilerin neyi kontrol edeceğini sorar.
The phrase “so we can check your registration” explains the early-arrival request. The gap asks what staff check, not how many minutes early to arrive or what time the class starts.
lx3 · camera
Merkez ek ücret olmadan kamera ödünç verebilir. Defteri ise katılımcı getirmelidir. Konuşmadaki başka bir nesneyi seçmek yerine borrow ile lend ifadelerini eşleştir.
The centre offers to lend a camera without an extra charge. A notebook must be brought by the participant. Match borrow to lend, rather than choosing another object mentioned in the conversation.
lx4 · guide
Ücrete basılı rehber ve ekipman kullanımı dahildir. Printed kelimesi guide cevabını belirler; eski afiş ücrete dahil bir ürün değildir.
The fee includes a printed guide and use of the equipment. “Printed” identifies guide; the old poster is not an item included in the fee.
lx5 · left
Yön tarifi “turn left after the stairs” şeklindedir. Garden room varış yeridir; bu boşluk oraya giderken hangi yöne dönüleceğini sorar.
The direction is “turn left after the stairs”. The garden room is the destination; this gap asks for the turn on the way there.
Kayıttaki kanıt / Evidence in the recording
lx1
A phone is fine for the first two sessions.
Ekipmana bağlı sınır
Limit attached to equipment
First telefonun yeterli olduğu süreyi sınırlar. Toplam kurs uzunluğu başka bir sorunun cevabıdır.
First limits how long a phone is sufficient. The total course length answers a different question.
lx2
Please arrive ten minutes early for the first session so we can check your registration.
So nedeni getirir
So introduces the reason
Gereken ismi bulmak için check your ifadesini izle. Dakika bilgisi geliş zamanını anlatır; kontrol edilen şeyi değil.
Follow check your to find the required noun. Minutes describe arrival timing, not what staff check.
lx3
Later, we can lend you a camera at no extra charge.
Ödünç vermek ↔ ödünç almak
Lend ↔ borrow
Merkez aynı nesneyi ödünç verir, öğrenci ödünç alır. Later sonradan yapılacak düzenlemeyi şimdi getirilecek şeyden ayırır.
The centre lends and the learner borrows the same object. Later marks a future arrangement, separate from what to bring now.
lx4
That includes a printed guide and use of the centre's equipment.
Printed nesneyi sınırlar
Printed narrows the item
Ücret iki faydayı kapsar, ancak yalnız biri basılı olarak tanımlanır. Doğru ismi seçmek için bu niteleyiciyi kullan.
The fee covers two benefits, but only one is described as printed. Use that modifier to choose the correct noun.
lx5
Go past reception and turn left after the stairs.
Dönüşten önceki işaret noktası
Landmark before the turn
After the stairs dönüşün yerini belirler. Cevap bir yön olmalıdır; işaret noktası veya varış yeri değil.
After the stairs locates the turning action. The answer must be a direction, not a landmark or the destination.
Anlam alıştırması · çözümler / Meaning practice · solutions
Burada at no extra charge ne demektir?
What does at no extra charge mean here?
Borrowing adds no further fee
Later, we can lend you a camera at no extra charge.
The entire course is free
Extra ek ödemeyle ilgilidir; kurs ücretini kaldırmaz.
Extra concerns an additional payment; it does not remove the course fee.
The loan requires a second course payment
No extra charge bu ödünç verme için ek ücreti açıkça dışlar.
No extra charge explicitly rules out an added fee for this loan.
Borrowing adds no further fee
Doğru. İfade tüm kursun fiyatını değil, ödünç almanın maliyetini sınırlar.
Correct. The statement limits the cost of borrowing, not the price of the whole course.
Görevli afişi neden out of date diye tanımlar?
Why does the receptionist describe the poster as out of date?
To warn that its information is no longer current
That poster is out of date. The new group starts at six thirty in the evening.
To warn that its information is no longer current
Doğru. Out of date bilginin güncelliğini değerlendirir; sonraki cümle güncellemeyi verir.
Correct. Out of date evaluates the information; the following sentence supplies an update.
To say the caller has arrived late
İfade arayanın gelişine değil, afişe ilişkindir.
The phrase refers to the poster, not the caller’s arrival.
To cancel the whole workshop
Yeni grubun hâlâ başlangıç saati vardır; iptal duyurulmaz.
The new group still has a start time; no cancellation is announced.
Transcript
Receptionist: Good morning, Riverside Community Centre. How can I help?
Caller: I would like to join the photography workshop next month. Is it still on Monday?
Receptionist: It used to be on Monday, but the next course meets on Wednesday. There are four weekly sessions.
Caller: That's fine. I finish work at five, so I need to check the starting time. I saw six o'clock on an old poster.
Receptionist: That poster is out of date. The new group starts at six thirty in the evening. Please arrive ten minutes early for the first session so we can check your registration.
Caller: Do I need to bring a camera? I only have my phone at the moment.
Receptionist: A phone is fine for the first two sessions. Later, we can lend you a camera at no extra charge. You will need to bring a notebook for your own observations.
Caller: And how much does the course cost? I remember a fee of forty pounds.
Receptionist: That was last year's price. This time the total is forty-five pounds. That includes a printed guide and use of the centre's equipment.
Caller: Where do we meet? In the main hall?
Receptionist: The hall is being painted. We'll use the garden room instead. Go past reception and turn left after the stairs.
Caller: Great. I'll book online this afternoon.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
1. A water bottle.
2. Fifteen minutes.
Açıklama / Explanation
Kask temin edilir; su şişesi katılımcının sorumluluğundadır. Nine başlangıç saatidir; zaman aralığını soran ikinci sorunun cevabı fifteen olur.
The helmet is provided, while the bottle is the participant’s responsibility. Nine is the starting time; fifteen answers the question about an interval.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Doğru cevabın “nine” olması için sorunun nasıl değişmesi gerektiğini açıkla. Başlangıç saatiyle erken varış süresi arasındaki farkı belirt.
Explain how the question would need to change for “nine” to be the correct answer. Name the difference between a starting time and an arrival interval.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Amaç, çekince ve sonucu dinle
Listen for purpose, caution and conclusion
ext-lp1 · To take part in learning
Giriş, yalnız ücretsiz tamir ile sürecin parçası olan öğrenmeyi ayırır. Kalmak katılımı sağlar. Kayıt saatlik ödeme anlatmaz ve her güvenlik kontrolünü denetleme sorumluluğunu sahiplerine vermez.
The opening contrasts a free repair service with learning as part of the process. Staying allows owners to participate. The lecture does not describe hourly payment or make owners responsible for supervising every electrical safety check.
ext-lp2 · A working-looking repair may still be unsafe
Başarılı görünen tamir güvenli olmayabilir; görünüş yeterli değildir. İade öncesi kontrolün gerekçesi budur. Yaş ve fiş neden olarak verilmez. Kural konuşulan etkinlik için anlatılır; tüm cihazlar hakkında ek varsayım yapılmaz.
A repair that looks successful can still be unsafe; appearance alone is insufficient. This explains the organisers’ check before return. Age and receipts are not supplied as reasons, and the rule is described for the event under discussion.
ext-lp3 · To check whether repairs remained useful over time
Takip, nesnenin hâlâ çalışıp çalışmadığını ve yeniden tamir gerekip gerekmediğini sorar. İlk toplamın göstermediği kalıcılığı inceler. Yeni gönüllü bulma veya fiyat karşılaştırma, belirtilen takip sorularının amacı değildir.
The follow-up asks whether objects still work and whether another repair was necessary. It addresses durability, which the initial repair total cannot show. Recruiting volunteers and comparing prices belong to neither of the stated follow-up questions.
ext-lp4 · Combine repair records with participants’ experiences
Sonuç kayıtları deneyimlerle birleştirir. Konuşmacı sayımların yararlı bilgi verdiğini de söyler; tüm sayıları reddetmek aşırıdır. Yalnız toplamı kullanmak kalıcılığı ve sayıyla anlatılması zor sosyal yararları dışlar.
The conclusion explicitly combines records with experiences. The speaker has already said repair counts tell us something useful, so rejecting all numbers is too strong. Relying only on a total ignores durability and the harder-to-quantify social benefits.
Kayıttaki kanıt / Evidence in the recording
ext-lp1
The aim is not simply to provide a free repair service. Learning is part of the process, so owners are usually encouraged to stay and take part.
Not simply ek bir amaç getirir
Not simply adds a further purpose
Konuşmacı amacı hizmet almaktan öteye genişletir. Kalmak, sahiplerin öğrenme sürecine katılmasını sağlar.
The speaker broadens the aim beyond receiving a service. Staying lets owners participate in the learning process.
ext-lp2
Electrical equipment needs particular attention because a repair that looks successful may still be unsafe.
Görünüş ≠ doğrulanmış güvenlik
Appearance ≠ confirmed safety
Because kontrolü gerekçelendiren riski getirir. Bir eşyanın çalışıyor görünmesi güvenli olduğuna yeterli kanıt değildir.
Because introduces the risk that justifies checking. An item appearing to work is insufficient evidence that it is safe.
ext-lp3
Counting the number of repaired objects tells us something useful, but it does not show how long those objects remain in use. One event solved this by contacting owners after three months. The follow-up asked whether the object still worked and whether another repair had been necessary.
Anlık sayı → sonraki kullanım
Immediate count → later usefulness
Takip, ilk sayımın eksik bıraktığını tamamlar: onarımın bir kez bitmesi yerine işe yaramaya devam edip etmediğini gösterir.
The follow-up fills the gap in the original count: whether a repair remained effective, rather than merely being completed once.
ext-lp4
A useful evaluation therefore combines repair records with participants' experiences, rather than relying only on a total of objects fixed.
Therefore öneriyi getirir
Therefore introduces the recommendation
Sonuç, onarım kayıtlarını korur ve katılımcı deneyimlerini ekler. Kaynaklardan birini çıkaran veya yalnız toplama dayanan seçenekleri ele.
The conclusion retains repair records and adds participants’ experiences. Reject options that remove either source or rely on totals alone.
Anlam alıştırması · çözümler / Meaning practice · solutions
Hangi ifade organizatörlerin stok sınırını korur?
Which statement preserves the limit on the organisers’ stock?
Some events keep common parts without stocking everything
Organisers sometimes keep a small stock of common parts, but they cannot store everything.
Every event stores every possible spare part
Sometimes ve common, her etkinlikte olası her parçayı bulundurmaktan daha sınırlıdır.
Sometimes and common are both narrower than every possible part at every event.
Some events keep common parts without stocking everything
Doğru. Hem sıklık sınırını hem de parça çeşitliliği sınırını korur.
Correct. This keeps both the frequency limit and the limit on the range of parts.
No event keeps spare parts on site
Hiçbir etkinlik ifadesi, organizatörlerin bazen stok tuttuğu bilgisiyle çelişir.
No event contradicts the statement that organisers sometimes keep a stock.
Onarım çalışmasından önce hangi işlem yapılır?
Which action precedes the repair work?
Items are grouped by type
Volunteers sort items into categories before work begins.
Items are grouped by type
Doğru. Sort into categories türe göre gruplamak demektir; before sırayı belirler.
Correct. Sort into categories means group by type; before establishes the order.
Owners complete the later follow-up
Takip daha sonra yapılır ve onarımların işe yaramaya devam edip etmediğini kontrol eder.
The follow-up comes later and checks whether repairs lasted.
All unusual parts are purchased
Konuşmacı parça bulma güçlüğünü anlatır; önce bütün sıra dışı parçaları satın alma koşulu koymaz.
The lecturer describes difficulty obtaining parts, not a requirement to buy all unusual parts first.
Transcript
Today we will look at repair cafes. These are community events where people bring damaged household objects and work with volunteers to repair them. The aim is not simply to provide a free repair service. Learning is part of the process, so owners are usually encouraged to stay and take part.
First, consider the practical organisation. Volunteers sort items into categories before work begins. Electrical equipment needs particular attention because a repair that looks successful may still be unsafe. At the event we are discussing, the organisers require a safety check before an electrical item can be returned to its owner.
Next, there is the question of parts. A missing switch or an unusual screw can delay an otherwise simple job. Organisers sometimes keep a small stock of common parts, but they cannot store everything. In many cases, availability is a bigger problem than the cost of the part itself.
However, we should be cautious when measuring success. Counting the number of repaired objects tells us something useful, but it does not show how long those objects remain in use. One event solved this by contacting owners after three months. The follow-up asked whether the object still worked and whether another repair had been necessary.
Finally, repair events can create social benefits. Participants exchange skills and meet neighbours. These benefits are harder to express as a single number, but they may help explain why volunteers return. A useful evaluation therefore combines repair records with participants' experiences, rather than relying only on a total of objects fixed.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
Counts remain useful, but they should be combined with participants’ experiences. Social benefits are difficult to reduce to one number; this does not mean they are unimportant.
Açıklama / Explanation
Sonuç bir kanıt türünü tamamen atmak yerine birbirini tamamlayan kanıtlar ister. Diktede bu yeniden ifadeyi değil gerçek transkripti kullan: farklı kelimeler aynı fikri verebilir ama tam döküm sayılmaz.
The conclusion calls for complementary evidence rather than replacing one kind completely. For dictation, compare with the actual transcript, not this paraphrase: different words can express the same idea but cannot count as an exact transcription.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Yarın transkript kapalıyken normal hızda dinle. Sonucu bir cümlede özetle; ardından yeniden dinleyerek konuşmacının ölçülü dilini koruduğunu doğrula.
Tomorrow replay at normal speed with the transcript closed. Summarise the conclusion in one sentence, then listen again to verify that you have kept the speaker’s cautious language.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Doğa yürüyüşüne kayıt ol
Book a wetland walk
fresh-wb1 · Sunday / Sundays
Görevli geçen yılın cumartesi programını bu sezon pazar olarak düzeltir. Eski broşür çeldiricidir. Sunday ve Sundays burada aynı planlı günü gösterir; tarih hesaplamana gerek yoktur.
The receptionist replaces last year's Saturday schedule with Sundays this season. The old leaflet is the distractor. Sunday and Sundays identify the same scheduled day here; no date needs to be calculated.
fresh-wb2 · 9:30 / 9.30 / 09:30 / 09.30
Dokuz on beş istenen varış saatidir. Yürüyüş dokuz buçukta başlar; cevap 9:30 olur. a.m. zaten yazılıdır; önceki varış saatini cevaba ekleme.
Nine fifteen is the requested arrival time. The walk starts at nine thirty, so the answer is 9:30. The unit a.m. is already printed; do not add the earlier arrival time to the answer.
fresh-wb3 · 12 / twelve
Güncel yetişkin ücreti on iki sterlindir ve gözlem kulübesi buna dahildir. On sterlin eski ücrettir. Sonraki under twelve ifadesi yaş koşuludur; farklı bir yetişkin ücreti değildir.
The current adult charge is twelve pounds and already includes the hide. Ten pounds is the outdated price. The later mention of children under twelve is an age condition, not a different adult fee.
fresh-wb4 · In front of the visitor centre
Buluşma talimatı ziyaretçi merkezini belirtir. Eski dükkân kapalıdır; otopark yalnız aracı bırakma yeridir. Önceki ziyaretten bu yerleri bilmek güncel buluşma noktasını değiştirmez.
The meeting instruction names the visitor centre. The old shop is closed and the car park is only a place to leave the vehicle. Knowing either landmark from a previous visit does not change the current meeting point.
fresh-wb5 · water
Water, sorudaki a bottle of ifadesini tamamlar. Kafenin yürüyüşten sonra açılması talebin nedenidir. Dürbün ödünç alınabilir; ayakkabı ayrı öneridir ve bu boşluğu tamamlayamaz.
Water completes the printed phrase a bottle of. The café opens too late for the walk, which explains the request. Binoculars can be borrowed; shoes are a separate recommendation and cannot complete this gap.
Kayıttaki kanıt / Evidence in the recording
fresh-wb1
The walk used to be on Saturdays, but this season it runs on Sundays.
Eski program → bu sezon
Old schedule → this season
This season güncel programı belirler. İlk duyulan gün, artık geçerli olmayan broşüre aittir.
This season identifies the current schedule. The first day belongs to a superseded leaflet, even though it is heard first.
fresh-wb2
Please arrive at nine fifteen; the walk itself starts at nine thirty.
Varış ve başlangıç farklıdır
Arrival and start are distinct
The walk itself ikinci saati etkinliğin başlangıcıyla sınırlar. İstenen olayı kendi saatiyle eşleştir.
The walk itself narrows the second time to the activity’s start. Keep the requested event attached to its time.
fresh-wb3
The adult price is now twelve pounds. That includes access to the hide, so there's nothing extra to pay for that.
Now + dahil olan giriş
Now + included access
Now eski yetişkin ücretini değiştirir. Giriş zaten dahildir; başka ücret eklemek toplamı yanlış okumaktır.
Now replaces the old adult price. Access is already included, so adding another charge would misread the total.
fresh-wb4
The shop is closed at the moment. Please meet in front of the visitor centre, beside the wooden benches.
Kapalı yer → buluşma talimatı
Closed place → meeting instruction
Meet talimatı varış yerini belirler. Eski dükkân ve otopark bağlam verir; buluşma noktasını değil.
The imperative meet identifies the destination. The old shop and car park provide context, not the meeting point.
fresh-wb5
Please bring a bottle of water, though, because the café won't open until after the walk.
Bring + neden
Bring + reason
Kapalı kafe, ziyaretçilerin bu içeceği neden getirmesi gerektiğini açıklar. Ödünç alınabilen eşya getirilecek şeyden farklıdır.
The closed café explains why visitors must supply this drink. A borrowable item is a different category from something to bring.
Anlam alıştırması · çözümler / Meaning practice · solutions
Ücretsiz katılım ifadesi açıkça hangi çocuğu kapsar?
Which child is explicitly covered by the free-entry statement?
A child younger than twelve accompanied by an adult
Children under twelve can join free when accompanied by an adult.
Any twelve-year-old visiting alone
Under twelve on iki yaşı dışlar; ayrıca yetişkin eşliği gerekir.
Under twelve excludes twelve, and adult accompaniment is also required.
Every child regardless of age or company
Bu, belirtilen iki sınırı da kaldırır: yaş ve eşlik.
This removes both stated limits: age and accompaniment.
A child younger than twelve accompanied by an adult
Doğru. İki koşul da sağlanmalıdır; yalnız free duymak yetmez.
Correct. Both conditions must hold; hearing free alone is not enough.
Dürbün için hangi düzenleme sunulur?
What arrangement is offered for binoculars?
Temporary use without a fee
You can borrow binoculars here without charge.
Free ownership of a new pair
Ödünç almak mülkiyeti devretmez; without charge ödünç kullanımı anlatır.
Borrowing does not transfer ownership; without charge describes the loan.
Temporary use without a fee
Doğru. Borrow geçici kullanımı anlatır; without charge kiralama ücretini kaldırır.
Correct. Borrow expresses temporary use, and without charge removes a rental fee.
Purchase before arrival
Sunulan ödünç alma olanağı önceden satın almayı gereksiz kılar.
The offered loan means buying beforehand is not required.
Transcript
Visitor: Hello. I'd like to book two adult places on the guided walk at Northmere Wetland Centre. Are the details on last year's leaflet still correct?
Receptionist: Some have changed. The walk used to be on Saturdays, but this season it runs on Sundays. Please arrive at nine fifteen; the walk itself starts at nine thirty.
Visitor: Sunday is fine. The leaflet says ten pounds per adult. Is that still correct, and is there a separate charge for the viewing hide?
Receptionist: The adult price is now twelve pounds. That includes access to the hide, so there's nothing extra to pay for that. Children under twelve can join free when accompanied by an adult.
Visitor: Thanks. Where should we meet the guide? We parked beside the old shop when we visited last year, so I know that part of the site.
Receptionist: The shop is closed at the moment. Please meet in front of the visitor centre, beside the wooden benches. The car park is a short walk away, so leave time to reach the meeting point.
Visitor: I'll do that. We don't own binoculars. Would we need to buy some before the walk, or is there anything else we should bring?
Receptionist: You can borrow binoculars here without charge. Please bring a bottle of water, though, because the café won't open until after the walk. Comfortable shoes are also sensible, especially if the paths are wet.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
8:45; £18
Açıklama / Explanation
Sekiz masanın açılışı, sekiz otuz varış saatidir. Randevu 8:45’te başlar. Malzeme dahil olduğundan toplam ücret 18 sterlin olarak kalır.
Eight and eight thirty refer to desk opening and arrival. The appointment starts at 8:45. Materials are included, so the total remains £18.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Transkripti kapatıp kayda dön. İlgili bölümü yeniden dinle; kaçırdığın ipucunu yaz ve cevabını neden değiştirdiğini açıkla. Bu nedeni hata defterine ekle.
Return to the recording without the transcript. Replay the relevant section, write the clue you missed and explain why it changes your answer. Add that cause to your error notebook.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Kampüs hizmet duyurusunu takip et
Follow a campus service announcement
fresh-cs1 · The ground floor is being repainted
Geçici taşınmanın belirtilen nedeni zemin katın boyanmasıdır. Duyuru genişletme yapılmadığını ve üst katların açık kaldığını açıkça söyler. Diğer seçenekler kayıttaki kelimeleri tekrarlar ama anlamı tersine çevirir.
Repainting is the stated reason for the temporary move. The announcement explicitly rules out an extension and says the upper floors remain open. Those alternatives repeat words from the recording but reverse what is said.
fresh-cs2 · In the library lobby
Kesinleşen konum kütüphane giriş holüdür. Spor salonu reddedilen eski öneridir. Açık üst katlar bina erişimini açıklamak için geçer; danışma masasının yeni konumu değildir.
The confirmed location is the library lobby. The sports hall was an earlier suggestion that has been rejected. The open upper floors are mentioned to explain building access, not as the information desk's destination.
fresh-cs3 · Tuesday
Salı, normal saat beşte kapanışın istisnasıdır. Daha geç hizmet akşam dersleriyle ilişkilendirilir. İstenen günü yaz; o günün kapanış saati olan eight cevabını verme.
Tuesday is the exception to the usual five-o'clock closure. The announcement links the later service to evening classes. Write the day requested, not eight, which is the closing time on that day.
fresh-cs4 · Their student card
Anahtarı almak için öğrenci kartı gösterilir. Duyuru hizmetin ücretsiz olduğunu ve asma kilit gerekmediğini söyler. Anahtar iade saati de verilir ama kimlik gösterme koşulunun yerine geçmez.
Students show a student card to receive a key. The announcement says the service is free and no padlock is needed. A key-return deadline is also given, but it does not replace the identification requirement.
fresh-cs5 · email / e-mail
Yer sınırlı olduğu için rezervasyon e-postayla yapılır. Telefon etmek rezervasyon oluşturmaz. Kafe grup konuşması için alternatiftir; bireysel çalışma yeri ayırmanın başka yolu değildir.
Email is the required booking method because places are limited. Calling does not create a reservation. The café is an alternative for group discussion, not another way to reserve an individual study seat.
Kayıttaki kanıt / Evidence in the recording
fresh-cs1
The ground floor of the student centre is being repainted, so several services will move temporarily.
So öncesinde neden
Cause before so
Boyama belirtilen neden, taşınma ise sonucudur. İfade zemin katla ilgilidir; binayı genişletme projesiyle değil.
Repainting is the stated cause; moving is its consequence. The statement concerns the ground floor, not an extension project.
fresh-cs2
please use the information desk in the library lobby. It will not be in the sports hall as previously suggested.
Onaylanan yer + elenen öneri
Confirmed location + rejected suggestion
İlk talimat yeri verir. Sonraki cümle spor salonunu açıkça eler; adının geçmesi onu doğru yapmaz.
The first instruction gives the location. The next sentence explicitly removes the sports hall; repetition does not make it correct.
fresh-cs3
The desk normally closes at five, but on Tuesday it will remain open until eight for students attending evening classes.
Normal düzen → istisna
Normally → exception
But normal saatlerin istisnasını işaretler. Boşluk kapanış saatlerinden birini değil, bu istisnanın gününü ister.
But marks an exception to normal hours. The gap wants the day attached to that exception, not either closing time.
fresh-cs4
To use one, show your student card to the assistant, who will give you a key.
Y’yi almak için X’i göster
Show X to receive Y
Kart gösterilmesi gereken belgedir; anahtar öğrencinin aldığı şeydir. Rollerini ters çevirme.
The card is the required evidence; the key is what students receive. Do not reverse their roles.
fresh-cs5
Places are limited, so reserve a seat by email. Calling the desk will not make a booking.
Gerekli kanal + açık dışlama
Required channel + explicit exclusion
By rezervasyon yöntemini getirir. Sonraki cümle telefonla rezervasyonu dışlar; masa soruları yanıtlasa bile bu değişmez.
By introduces the reservation method. The following sentence rules out calling, even though the desk can answer enquiries.
Anlam alıştırması · çözümler / Meaning practice · solutions
Hangi ifade duyurunun kapsamını korur?
Which statement preserves the announcement’s scope?
Upper floors remain accessible by another route
the upper floors will remain open through the side staircase.
The whole building is closed
Tüm bina kapsamı aşar; üst katların açık kalacağı açıkça söylenir.
Whole building is too broad; upper floors explicitly remain open.
The building has no usable staircase
Yan merdiven açıkça erişim yolu olarak belirtilir.
The side staircase is specifically named as an access route.
Upper floors remain accessible by another route
Doğru. Remain open erişimin sürdüğünü, through ise yolu belirtir.
Correct. Remain open preserves access, while through identifies the route.
Hangi kullanım geçici çalışma odasının amacına uygundur?
Which use matches the temporary study room’s purpose?
Working alone on an assignment
Group discussions should still take place in the café; the temporary study room is for individual work only.
Working alone on an assignment
Doğru. Individual work tek başına çalışmaktır; only burada grup etkinliğini dışlar.
Correct. Individual work means work done alone, and only excludes group activity here.
Rehearsing music with a group
Müzik odası önceki işlevidir; geçici kullanım sessiz bireysel çalışmadır.
Music room is its previous role; the temporary use is quiet individual study.
Holding a group project discussion
Tartışmalar için kafe gösterilir; bu etkinlik bu odanın dışında tutulur.
The café is assigned to discussions; that activity is excluded from this room.
Transcript
Announcer: Good morning. This is a short update about student services next week. The ground floor of the student centre is being repainted, so several services will move temporarily. The building is not being extended, and the upper floors will remain open through the side staircase.
For general enquiries, please use the information desk in the library lobby. It will not be in the sports hall as previously suggested. The library location gives students step-free access and enough space to wait. The desk normally closes at five, but on Tuesday it will remain open until eight for students attending evening classes.
Temporary lockers will be available beside the desk. To use one, show your student card to the assistant, who will give you a key. There is no charge and you do not need to bring a padlock. Please return the key before the information desk closes that day.
Finally, the small music room in the west wing will be used as a quiet study space. Places are limited, so reserve a seat by email. Calling the desk will not make a booking. Group discussions should still take place in the café; the temporary study room is for individual work only. These arrangements will apply from Monday to Friday.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
east foyer; Wednesday; website
Açıklama / Explanation
Eski salon ve telefonla bilgi alma çeldiricidir. Güncel konum, belirtilen gün ve açık rezervasyon talimatı üç ayrı bilgi türünü verir; bu işlevleri birbirine karıştırma.
The old hall and telephone enquiries are distractors. The final location, the named day and the explicit booking instruction supply three different kinds of information.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Transkripti kapatıp kayda dön. İlgili bölümü yeniden dinle; kaçırdığın ipucunu yaz ve cevabını neden değiştirdiğini açıkla. Bu nedeni hata defterine ekle.
Return to the recording without the transcript. Replay the relevant section, write the clue you missed and explain why it changes your answer. Add that cause to your error notebook.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Araştırma yönteminde uzlaş
Agree on a research method
fresh-cr1 · Where used reusable cups are left
Son odak tek kafede tekrar kullanılabilir bardakların kullanım sonrası nereye bırakıldığıdır. Kampüs genelindeki gıda atığı çok geniş bulunur. Bardaklar konunun merkezinde olsa da içecek tercihleri karşılaştırılmaz.
The final focus is where reusable cups are left after use at one café. Campus-wide food waste is rejected as too large. Neither student proposes comparing drink preferences, even though cups are central to the project.
fresh-cr2 · It will record behaviour rather than only reported habits
Noor, bildirilen alışkanlıkları gözlenen davranıştan ayırır. Gözlem bardakların gerçekten nereye bırakıldığını kaydeder. Herkesin nedenini kendiliğinden açıklamaz; sonraki izin koşulu onayın hâlâ gerekli olduğunu gösterir.
Noor distinguishes reported habits from observed actions. Observation records where cups actually end up. It does not automatically reveal everyone's motives, and the later permission condition shows that approval still matters.
fresh-cr3 · The visitors may not represent the usual users
Açık gün ziyaretçileri örneklemi normal haftadan farklı kılar. Daha çok gözlem otomatik olarak daha temsil edici değildir. Kafenin kapalı olduğu söylenmez; otuz dakikalık süre yeni hafta içi planında korunur.
The open-day visitors would make the sample unlike an ordinary week. More observations are not automatically more representative. The café's closure is never stated, and the thirty-minute period is retained in the revised weekday plan.
fresh-cr4 · Do not record faces or names
İzin, kimlik belirleyen bilgiye açık sınırlama getirilerek ortak oturma alanı için verilmiştir. Yüz ve isim kaydedilmez. Mutfak belirtilen alanın dışındadır; kayıtları müşterilere gösterme koşulu yoktur.
Permission covers the public seating area with a clear restriction on identifying information. Faces and names must not be recorded. The kitchen is outside the stated area, and showing records to customers is not a requirement.
fresh-cr5 · Test a recording sheet in a short trial
Önce kayıt çizelgesiyle bardakları tutarlı sınıflandırıp sınıflandıramadıklarını deneyecekler. Düzeltilmiş çizelge daha sonra hocaya gider. Kısa yöntem denemesi tüm veriyi toplamaktan veya son bulguları sunmaktan farklıdır.
They will first test whether the recording sheet leads them to classify cups consistently. The revised sheet goes to the tutor afterwards. A brief method trial is different from collecting the complete data set or reporting final findings.
Kayıttaki kanıt / Evidence in the recording
fresh-cr1
That's too large for this project. Let's focus on reusable cups at the east café, specifically where people leave them after drinking.
Too large → specifically
Too large → specifically
Noor hem yeri hem incelenen davranışı daraltır. Önceki kampüs geneli gıda atığı fikri elenen kapsamdır.
Noor narrows both the location and the behaviour studied. The earlier campus-wide food-waste idea is the rejected scope.
fresh-cr2
That tells us what people report, not necessarily what happens. I'd rather observe the area and count cups left on tables, in bins or at the return point.
Bildirilen alışkanlık ve gözlenen eylem
Reported habit versus observed action
Karşılaştırma kanıtın kaynağıyla ilgilidir. Gözlem görülebilen sonuçları sayar; niyetleri doğrudan göstermez.
The contrast concerns the source of evidence. Observation counts visible outcomes; it does not directly reveal motives.
fresh-cr3
But those visitors won't represent an ordinary week. Tuesday and Thursday would be better.
Miktar temsil gücü değildir
Quantity is not representativeness
But çok gözlem toplamanın çekiciliğine itiraz eder. Sorun kafenin açılması değil, ziyaretçilerin olağan kullanıcılara benzemesidir.
But challenges the attraction of many observations. The issue is whether the visitors resemble usual users, not whether the café opens.
fresh-cr4
The manager has approved observation in the public seating area, provided we don't record faces or names.
Provided koşul koyar
Provided sets a condition
Onay belirtilen sınırlamayla geçerlidir. Olumsuz koşulu izinden ayırma; sınırsız erişim verilmez.
Approval applies with the stated restriction. Keep the negative condition attached to permission; it is not unrestricted access.
fresh-cr5
Not yet. First, let's draw a simple recording sheet and try it for ten minutes. We need to check that we classify cups in the same way. Then we'll show the revised sheet to our tutor.
Not yet / first / then
Not yet / first / then
Not yet tüm veri toplamayı erteler. First küçük yöntem denemesini, then ise düzeltmeden sonraki danışman görüşmesini belirtir.
Not yet delays full data collection. First identifies a small method trial, and then places the tutor meeting after revision.
Anlam alıştırması · çözümler / Meaning practice · solutions
Already kafenin iade noktası hakkında ne gösterir?
What does already reveal about the café’s return point?
It exists before the project begins
The café already has a return point.
The students must build it before observing
Already has mevcut olanağı anlatır; yapılacak bir inşaat işini değil.
Already has describes an existing facility, not a construction task.
It exists before the project begins
Doğru. Proje, hâlihazırda var olan bir olanağın kullanımını gözlemler.
Correct. The project observes use of a facility that is already there.
It has been removed because nobody used it
Has şu anda sahip olmayı anlatır; kaldırılmış olması bununla çelişir.
Has states present possession; removal contradicts it.
Classify cups in the same way uygulamada ne demektir?
What would classify cups in the same way mean in practice?
Use shared rules when deciding each cup’s category
We need to check that we classify cups in the same way.
Record exactly the same total on every day
İfade yöntemleriyle ilgilidir; günlük toplamların eşit olacağını garanti etmez.
The phrase concerns their method, not a guarantee of equal daily totals.
Give every cup the same location label
Tutarlı kurallar farklı kategoriler üretebilir; kategorileri ortadan kaldırmaz.
Consistent rules can produce different categories; they do not erase the categories.
Use shared rules when deciding each cup’s category
Doğru. Kayıtların anlamlı karşılaştırılması için sınıflandırma konusunda uzlaşmaları gerekir.
Correct. They need agreement about classification so the records can be compared meaningfully.
Transcript
Sam: Shall we investigate all the food thrown away across campus? We could compare the cafés, although collecting everything they discard might be difficult.
Noor: That's too large for this project. Let's focus on reusable cups at the east café, specifically where people leave them after drinking. The café already has a return point.
Sam: A questionnaire would be quick. We could ask students whether they usually return cups, then calculate the proportion who say they do.
Noor: That tells us what people report, not necessarily what happens. I'd rather observe the area and count cups left on tables, in bins or at the return point.
Sam: Friday lunchtime looks convenient. There's a campus open day then, so we could collect plenty of observations in one visit.
Noor: But those visitors won't represent an ordinary week. Tuesday and Thursday would be better. We can observe the same thirty-minute period on both days.
Sam: Agreed. The manager has approved observation in the public seating area, provided we don't record faces or names. Should we start collecting the full set tomorrow?
Noor: Not yet. First, let's draw a simple recording sheet and try it for ten minutes. We need to check that we classify cups in the same way. Then we'll show the revised sheet to our tutor.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
Non-members would be missed; test the questions with two classmates.
Açıklama / Explanation
Bölümlerden katılımcı çağırmak sonraki plandır. Hemen yapılacak iş iki arkadaşla soru denemesidir. Örneklem sorunu kulübe üye olmayanların dışarıda kalmasıdır; görüşmenin hızı veya maliyeti değildir.
Recruiting across departments is the later plan. The immediate next action is the small question trial. The concern is missing non-members, not the speed or cost of interviewing.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Transkripti kapatıp kayda dön. İlgili bölümü yeniden dinle; kaçırdığın ipucunu yaz ve cevabını neden değiştirdiğini açıkla. Bu nedeni hata defterine ekle.
Return to the recording without the transcript. Replay the relevant section, write the clue you missed and explain why it changes your answer. Add that cause to your error notebook.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Bir araştırmanın sınırlarını değerlendir
Evaluate a study's limits
fresh-rs1 · randomly
Randomly öğrencilerin gruplara nasıl ayrıldığını anlatır. Amaç daha düzenli öğrencilerin hepsinin tek gruba düşmesi riskini azaltmaktır. Random sıfattır; cümlenin istediği zarf biçimine uymaz.
Randomly describes how students entered the groups. The aim was to reduce the risk of one group containing all the more organised students. Random is an adjective and does not fit the sentence's required adverb form.
fresh-rs2 · hours
Hours ölçülen sonucun birimidir. Kırk katılımcı sayısı, bir ay ise gözlem dönemidir. Bu sayılar araştırmanın başka yönlerini anlatır; gecikme birimi değildir.
Hours is the unit for the outcome being measured. Forty is the number of participants, and one month is the observation period. Those numbers describe other parts of the study rather than the lateness unit.
fresh-rs3 · diaries
Diaries, kapalı iade masası gibi pratik engelleri içeren notlardır. E-posta hatırlatma müdahalesidir; sorun kaydı değildir. Kayıtta kullanılan ve boşluğun istediği diaries çoğulunu koru.
Diaries contained notes on practical barriers such as a closed return desk. The email was the reminder intervention, not the record of problems. Preserve the plural diaries used in the recording and required by the gap.
fresh-rs4 · All participants came from one faculty
Tek fakülte sınırlı nüfustur; sonuç otomatik olarak tüm öğrenci gruplarını temsil etmez. Bir grup hatırlatma almıştır ve iki grubun ödünç süresi aynıdır. Diğer seçenekler araştırma açıklamasına aykırıdır.
One faculty is a limited population, so its result cannot automatically represent every student group. One group did receive reminders, and both groups had the same loan period. Those alternatives contradict the study description.
fresh-rs5 · A longer study involving other departments
Öneri hem nüfusu hem süreyi ele alır: diğer bölümler grubu genişletir, tam dönem etkinin sürüp sürmediğini sınar. İlk gruba daha sık e-posta göndermek bu iki sınırı tek başına çözmez.
The recommendation addresses both population and duration: other departments broaden the group, and a full term tests whether the effect lasts. More frequent emails to the original group would not by themselves resolve those two limitations.
Kayıttaki kanıt / Evidence in the recording
fresh-rs1
They were allocated randomly to two groups.
Gruplara ayırmanın nasıl yapıldığı
How the allocation happened
Boşluk allocated eylemini anlatan zarf ister. Randomly kelimesini son ekiyle al; random ise ismi niteler.
The gap needs an adverb describing allocated. Copy randomly, including its ending; random describes a noun instead.
fresh-rs2
Rather than counting how many cameras were borrowed, the team measured lateness in hours.
Sonuç + birim
Outcome + unit
Rather than ödünç sayısını eler. Ölçülen sonuç gecikmedir; in araştırma süresini değil onun birimini getirir.
Rather than rejects a loan count. The measured outcome is lateness, and in introduces its unit, not the study duration.
fresh-rs3
They also asked participants to keep brief diaries of problems, such as a return desk being unexpectedly closed.
Sorunların kaydını tut
Keep records of problems
Günlükler engelleri belgeler. E-posta ise hatırlatıcıdır; kayıtları anlatan çoğul biçimi koru.
The diaries document obstacles. The email serves as a reminder instead; keep the plural form for the records.
fresh-rs4
However, this does not show that reminders work equally well for every student population. All participants came from one faculty,
However genellemeyi sınırlar
However limits generalisation
Tek fakülteden çıkan sonuç her öğrenci grubunda eşit etkiyi göstermez. Bu örneklem sınırıdır; etkisizlik değildir.
A result from one faculty cannot establish equal effects in every student population. This is a sampling limit, not no effect.
fresh-rs5
The next study should therefore involve other departments and run for a full term.
İki sınır → iki değişiklik
Two limitations → two changes
Diğer bölümler kapsamı, tam dönem ise süreyi ele alır. Uygun cevap iki değişikliği de korumalıdır.
Other departments address breadth; a full term addresses duration. A suitable answer must preserve both changes.
Anlam alıştırması · çözümler / Meaning practice · solutions
İlk ay için belirtilen sonuçtan ne çıkarılabilir?
What can be concluded from the result stated for the first month?
The reminder group had an earlier average return time
During the first month, the reminder group returned cameras earlier on average.
Every reminded student returned a camera before the deadline
Ortalama, her öğrencinin sonucunu veya her iadenin zamanında olduğunu göstermez.
An average does not establish the outcome for every student, or that each return was on time.
The reminder group had an earlier average return time
Doğru. Hem grup ortalamasını hem belirtilen dönemi korur.
Correct. This preserves both the group-level average and the stated time period.
The effect lasted throughout a full academic year
Tek ay, tam yıl hakkında kanıt sağlamaz.
A single month gives no evidence about a full year.
Gruplar arasında hangi fark açıkça belirtilir?
Which distinction between the groups is explicitly stated?
Only one group received the reminder email
Both groups had the same loan period and return arrangements, but only one received an email the day before the deadline.
Only one group had a shorter loan period
Ödünç süresinin iki grupta da aynı olduğu açıkça söylenir.
The loan period is explicitly the same for both groups.
Only one group could use the return desk
İade düzeni ortaktır; yalnız bir gruba erişim verildiği söylenmez.
Return arrangements are shared; exclusive access is not stated.
Only one group received the reminder email
Doğru. But ortak düzenlemeleri e-posta alma farkından ayırır.
Correct. But separates the shared arrangements from the difference in receiving an email.
Transcript
Lecturer: Today we'll use a fictional equipment-loan study to examine how a useful result can still have limits. The researchers wanted to know whether a reminder helped students return borrowed cameras on time.
Forty students from one faculty took part. They were allocated randomly to two groups. Both groups had the same loan period and return arrangements, but only one received an email the day before the deadline. Random allocation reduced the risk that the more organised students would all enter one group.
Rather than counting how many cameras were borrowed, the team measured lateness in hours. They also asked participants to keep brief diaries of problems, such as a return desk being unexpectedly closed. Those notes helped distinguish difficulty reaching the desk from simply forgetting the deadline.
During the first month, the reminder group returned cameras earlier on average. However, this does not show that reminders work equally well for every student population. All participants came from one faculty, and a single month may not reveal whether people eventually stop noticing repeated messages.
The next study should therefore involve other departments and run for a full term. Sending more reminders to the original group would not, by itself, resolve either limitation. The aim is to test how widely and how long the effect holds, rather than merely to repeat a favourable result.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
One clinic limits generalisation; one week limits evidence about persistence. Several clinics and three months address these separately.
Açıklama / Explanation
Aynı klinikte aynı hafta daha fazla gözlem yapmak iki zayıflığı da gidermez. Yer ve süre kanıtın farklı boyutlarıdır; daha çok klinik genellenebilirliği, daha uzun süre etkinin devamını sınar.
A larger number of observations at the same clinic in the same week would not fix both weaknesses. Place and duration are different dimensions of the evidence.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Transkripti kapatıp kayda dön. İlgili bölümü yeniden dinle; kaçırdığın ipucunu yaz ve cevabını neden değiştirdiğini açıkla. Bu nedeni hata defterine ekle.
Return to the recording without the transcript. Replay the relevant section, write the clue you missed and explain why it changes your answer. Add that cause to your error notebook.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Task 1 · genel görünümü karşılaştır
Task 1 · compare the big picture
Örnek yanıt / Model response
The table compares the proportions of journeys made to a university campus by bus, car, bicycle and on foot in 2016 and 2026.
Overall, the bus remained the most common form of transport, although its share fell slightly. Car use declined considerably, while cycling and walking both became more popular. The combined proportion of journeys made by bicycle and on foot rose substantially over the period.
In 2016, buses accounted for 40% of journeys, making them the leading mode, five percentage points ahead of cars. By 2026, the bus figure had fallen to 35%. The proportion for cars dropped more sharply, from 35% to 20%, a decrease of fifteen percentage points.
Cycling showed the opposite pattern. Its share doubled from 15% in 2016 to 30% in 2026, overtaking cars to become the second most common option. Walking also increased, from 10% to 15%, but remained the least common of the four modes. Together, cycling and walking represented 45% of campus journeys in 2026, compared with 25% ten years earlier.
The table compares the proportions of journeys made to a university campus by bus, car, bicycle and on foot in 2016 and 2026.
Giriş, soruyu kopyalamadan ölçülen oranları ve tarihleri tanıtıyor.
The introduction identifies the measure and dates without copying the task.
Overall, the bus remained the most common form of transport, although its share fell slightly.
Genel görünüm, neden uydurmadan temel örüntüyü ayrıntılardan önce veriyor.
The overview reports the main pattern before details, with no invented cause.
The proportion for cars dropped more sharply, from 35% to 20%, a decrease of fifteen percentage points.
%35’ten %20’ye değişim on beş yüzde puandır; yüzde on beş değildir.
A 35% to 20% change is fifteen percentage points, not fifteen percent.
Its share doubled from 15% in 2016 to 30% in 2026, overtaking cars to become the second most common option.
Cümle, değişimi sıralamadaki karşılaştırmayla birleştiriyor.
The sentence combines a change with a ranking comparison.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
The table compares the percentages of students at a college who chose the library, home, a cafe or a shared study room as their main place to study in 2015 and 2025.
Overall, the library remained the most popular location, although its lead narrowed considerably. Shared study rooms became much more common, while studying at home declined slightly. By the end of the period, the distribution across the four locations was more even.
In 2015, the library accounted for 45% of students, fifteen percentage points more than home. Ten years later, its share had fallen to 30%, whereas the figure for home decreased from 30% to 25%. The gap between these two locations therefore narrowed to five percentage points.
The other two locations both gained popularity. Cafe use rose from 15% to 20%, an increase of five percentage points. Shared study rooms recorded the larger rise, from 10% to 25%, and moved from last place to joint second with home. Together, cafes and shared study rooms accounted for 45% in 2025, compared with 25% in 2015.
Açıklama / Explanation
Genel görünüm lider kalan yeri, en güçlü artışı ve son dağılımın daha dengeli oluşunu belirtir. Ayrıntılar azalan ve artan yerler olarak gruplanır. Her karşılaştırma tablodan doğrulanır; değişimin nedeni hakkında iddia yoktur.
The overview states the continuing leader, the strongest rise and the more even final distribution. Details are grouped into declining and growing locations. All comparisons can be checked against the table; no reason for the change is asserted.
Ölçütlerle incele / Criterion-linked review
Bu geri bildirim öğrenme içindir; resmî band puanı değildir. Telaffuz yalnızca ses kaydından incelenebilir.
This feedback supports learning; it is not an official band score. Pronunciation requires an audio recording.
- Task achievement
Model kütüphaneyi lider kalan, ortak odaları en çok artan seçenek olarak belirler; ikisini de doğru sayılarla destekler.
The model identifies the library as the continuing leader and shared rooms as the largest gain, then supports both with accurate figures.
- Coherence and cohesion
Genel görünümü mantıksal gruplanmış iki ayrıntı paragrafı izler. “The other two locations” her etiketi tekrar etmeden açık gönderme kurar.
The overview precedes two logically grouped detail paragraphs. “The other two locations” links back clearly without repeating every label.
- Lexical resource
“Accounted for”, “narrowed” ve “joint second” kesin ilişkileri anlatır. Doğruluk, tekrarlanan her ismi değiştirmekten önemlidir.
“Accounted for”, “narrowed” and “joint second” describe precise relationships. Accuracy matters more than replacing every repeated noun.
- Grammatical range and accuracy
Geçmiş zaman aktarımı, “although” ve “whereas” zaman ve karşıtlık kurar. Yüzdelerin doğru özneye bağlandığını ve karşılaştırmaların iki tarafını da adlandırdığını kontrol et.
Past-tense reporting, “although” and “whereas” express time and contrast. Check that percentages take the intended subject and that comparisons name both sides.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Genel görünümü O, her veri karşılaştırmasını C ile işaretle. Sayıları ve birimleri doğrula. Liste gibi duran bir cümleyi karşılaştırmaya dönüştür; tablonun vermediği nedenleri sil. Son raporun en az 150 kelime olsun.
Mark your overview O and every data comparison C. Verify each figure and unit. Rewrite one list-like sentence as a comparison, then remove any explanation that the table does not provide. Keep your final report at least 150 words.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Task 2 · argüman kur
Task 2 · build an argument
Örnek yanıt / Model response
Universities now have several ways to deliver teaching, and students differ in which they find most useful. Some value the direct contact of a classroom, whereas others prefer studying online. Although online courses can make education more accessible, I believe face-to-face teaching is generally more effective for subjects that depend on discussion and practical work.
Those who favour online learning often point to flexibility. Students who live far from a campus can attend without spending hours travelling, and recorded explanations can be reviewed at a suitable pace. For example, a student with a part-time job may watch a recorded lecture after work and pause it to check unfamiliar terms. This control can support understanding, especially when the material is mainly theoretical. However, flexibility is most useful when learners also have a realistic schedule and a quiet place to study.
Supporters of classroom teaching emphasise immediate interaction. A teacher can notice confusion and adapt an explanation, while students can compare ideas in small groups. In a laboratory or language seminar, this exchange is part of the learning itself. A student who misunderstands an instruction can ask for clarification before practising the wrong technique. Regular meetings can also provide a routine for learners who find independent study difficult. These benefits are harder to reproduce through recordings alone.
In my view, the best arrangement depends partly on the subject, but classroom contact should remain central when practical feedback is essential. Online resources are a valuable complement: students can prepare with a short recording and then use class time to apply what they have learned. This combination preserves flexibility without removing the interaction that helps turn information into usable knowledge.
Although online courses can make education more accessible, I believe face-to-face teaching is generally more effective for subjects that depend on discussion and practical work.
Görüş ders türüne göre sınırlandırılıyor ve sonuçta tutarlı kalıyor.
The position is qualified by subject type and remains consistent in the conclusion.
For example, a student with a part-time job may watch a recorded lecture after work and pause it to check unfamiliar terms.
Belirli bir öğrenci, esnekliğin nasıl işlediğini gösteriyor; konudan kopuk bir anı değil.
A specific learner illustrates how flexibility works; it is not an unrelated anecdote.
A student who misunderstands an instruction can ask for clarification before practising the wrong technique.
Bu nedensel örnek, anlık geri bildirimi hatayı önlemeye bağlıyor.
This causal example connects immediate feedback to avoiding an error.
This combination preserves flexibility without removing the interaction that helps turn information into usable knowledge.
Sonuç, yeni tartışma başlatmak yerine karşılaştırmayı birleştiriyor.
The conclusion synthesises the comparison rather than starting another argument.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
University holidays give students an opportunity to gain experience beyond their courses. Some people favour paid employment during this time, whereas others consider community projects more valuable. Both can develop useful skills, but I believe the better choice depends primarily on a student’s financial needs and the quality of the work available.
Paid work has an immediate practical advantage: it provides income. Students who need to cover rent or course materials may be unable to spend several weeks working without payment. A temporary job can also introduce responsibilities that are difficult to reproduce in a classroom. For example, a student working in a busy cafe must arrive reliably, communicate with customers and respond calmly when an order goes wrong. These experiences can strengthen confidence as well as help pay for the following term. Nevertheless, a repetitive job with little support may offer limited learning beyond the income itself.
Community projects can provide a different kind of development. Students may work with people whose circumstances differ from their own and see how a local service operates. Someone helping to organise a neighbourhood reading club, for instance, might plan activities, explain instructions and adapt materials for different participants. The value lies not simply in being unpaid, but in taking meaningful responsibility and contributing to a shared goal. Such projects are less accessible, however, when volunteers must also pay substantial travel or accommodation costs.
In my view, neither option should be treated as universally superior. A student facing financial pressure should not be criticised for choosing paid employment. Those who can afford to volunteer should look for well-organised projects with genuine responsibilities. Universities could help by advertising both kinds of opportunity and offering small travel grants, allowing students to make a useful choice rather than follow a single prescribed route.
Açıklama / Explanation
İki görüş de mekanizma, örnek ve sınırlılıkla geliştirilir. Görüş girişten itibaren koşulludur: tercih, maddi ihtiyaçlara ve fırsatın niteliğine bağlıdır. Sonuç her öğrencinin gönüllü çalışması gerektiğini söylemek yerine bu kararı korur.
Both views receive a mechanism, illustration and limitation. The opinion is conditional from the introduction onward: financial needs and opportunity quality determine the choice. The conclusion preserves that judgement instead of claiming that every student should volunteer.
Ölçütlerle incele / Criterion-linked review
Bu geri bildirim öğrenme içindir; resmî band puanı değildir. Telaffuz yalnızca ses kaydından incelenebilir.
This feedback supports learning; it is not an official band score. Pronunciation requires an audio recording.
- Task response
İki tatil seçeneği açıklanır; belirtilen görüş maddi zorunlulukla gelişim değerini ayırır. Örnekler üniversite öğrencileriyle ilgilidir.
Both holiday options are explained, and the stated opinion distinguishes financial necessity from developmental value. Examples remain relevant to university students.
- Coherence and cohesion
Her gelişme paragrafı yarardan örneğe ve sınırlılığa ilerler. “Such projects” açık gönderme yapar; sonuç iki düşünceyi birleştirir.
Each body paragraph moves from benefit to example to limitation. “Such projects” has a clear reference, while the conclusion draws the two strands together.
- Lexical resource
“Financial pressure”, “meaningful responsibility” ve “travel grants” gibi belirli ifadeler süslü jargon olmadan ayrımları anlatır.
Specific phrases such as “financial pressure”, “meaningful responsibility” and “travel grants” express distinctions without decorative jargon.
- Grammatical range and accuracy
İlgi cümlecikleri ve koşul anlamı gerekçeyi destekler. Düzeltirken özne-fiil uyumunu ve her uzun cümlede belirlenebilir bir ana cümle bulunduğunu kontrol et.
Relative clauses and conditional meaning support the reasoning. During revision, check subject–verb agreement and that each long sentence still has an identifiable main clause.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Her görüş için bir açıklamanın ve bir örneğin altını çiz. Giriş ve sonuçtaki görüşünü işaretleyip tutarlılığını kontrol et. Bir geniş iddiayı kesin bir koşulla değiştir; uydurma istatistikleri çıkar. Görev kapsamından sonra dilbilgisini incele.
Underline one explanation and one example for each view. Highlight your opinion in the introduction and conclusion; check that they agree. Replace one broad claim with a precise condition, and remove any invented statistic. Review grammar after task coverage.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Yazını daha kesin hale getir
Revise for precision
Örnek yanıt / Model response
Extending library opening hours on selected evenings could help residents who cannot visit during the working day. In particular, students living in crowded homes may benefit from a quiet place to revise after school or work. For example, a library could trial two late evenings each week during the examination period and record how the study spaces are used. Longer hours would not solve every educational problem, and staffing costs would need consideration. Nevertheless, a limited pilot would allow the council to assess local demand before committing to a permanent change.
Extending library opening hours on selected evenings could help residents who cannot visit during the working day.
Could ve selected evenings, dayanağı olmayan kesin iddianın yerini alıyor.
Could and selected evenings replace the unsupported absolute claim.
In particular, students living in crowded homes may benefit from a quiet place to revise after school or work.
Belirli grup ve somut fayda öneriyi açıklıyor.
A named group and a concrete benefit explain the recommendation.
For example, a library could trial two late evenings each week during the examination period and record how the study spaces are used.
Sınırlı pilot, tüm sorunları çözme vaadi değil; ilgili bir örnek.
A limited pilot is a relevant example, not a promise to solve every problem.
Longer hours would not solve every educational problem, and staffing costs would need consideration.
Bu kabul, görüşten vazgeçmeden sınırları gösteriyor.
The concession recognises limits without abandoning the position.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
Later bus services could help workers whose shifts finish after the current timetable ends. A reliable evening connection would allow some employees to travel home without paying for a taxi or depending on a colleague. For example, the town could trial an extra departure from the hospital after the late shift and record passenger numbers over several weeks. This targeted service would not meet every transport need, and running costs would have to be considered. However, a limited trial could show whether there is enough demand before the council expands the timetable permanently.
Açıklama / Explanation
Düzeltme geç sefer desteğini korur, belirli grubu adlandırır ve maddi/uygulamalı yararı açıklar. Hastane çıkışındaki sefer öneriyi somutlaştırır. Maliyet ve talep, görüşü yok etmeden sınırlar.
The revision retains support for later buses, names a specific group and explains the financial or practical benefit. The hospital departure makes the proposal concrete. Cost and demand qualify the proposal without erasing the position.
Ölçütlerle incele / Criterion-linked review
Bu geri bildirim öğrenme içindir; resmî band puanı değildir. Telaffuz yalnızca ses kaydından incelenebilir.
This feedback supports learning; it is not an official band score. Pronunciation requires an audio recording.
- Task response
Bu alıştırmada tam essay bandı değil, görüşün korunmasını ve geliştirilmesini kontrol et. Model geniş vaatten belirli, sınanabilir öneriye geçer.
For this drill, check preservation of position and development, not a full-essay band. The model moves from a broad promise to a specific, testable proposal.
- Coherence and cohesion
Paragraf ihtiyaç → mekanizma → örnek → sınırlılık sırasını izler. “This targeted service” ek hastane seferine açıkça gönderme yapar.
The paragraph follows need → mechanism → example → limitation. “This targeted service” clearly refers to the additional hospital departure.
- Lexical resource
“Shifts”, “departure” ve “passenger numbers” ulaşım önerisini belirginleştirir. Sırf tekrarı önlemek için kesin kelimeleri değiştirme.
“Shifts”, “departure” and “passenger numbers” make the transport proposal specific. Avoid changing precise words merely to avoid repetition.
- Grammatical range and accuracy
“Whose shifts finish” grubu tanımlar; could/would öneriyi yerleşmiş olgudan ayırır. Zamir göndermelerini ve fiil uyumunu kontrol et.
“Whose shifts finish” identifies the group, and could/would distinguish a proposal from an established fact. Check pronoun references and verb agreement.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Üç renk veya etiket kullan: kapsam için S, mekanizma için M, sınırlılık için L. Ardından belirsiz “this/they/it” ifadelerini açık isim grubuyla değiştir. Son taslağı 80–120 kelimede tut; tam Task 2 yanıtı diye sunma.
Use three colours or labels: S for scope, M for mechanism and L for limitation. Then replace any unclear “this/they/it” with an explicit noun phrase. Keep the final draft within 80–120 words; do not present it as a complete Task 2 answer.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Task 1 · önemli değişimleri karşılaştır
Task 1 · compare the important changes
Örnek yanıt / Model response
The table compares the main forms of transport used by employees travelling to a business park in 2015 and 2025. The figures represent the percentage of surveyed employees using each method in the two years.
Overall, travelling by car remained the most common choice, although its share fell considerably. Cycling and walking both became more common, while the proportion using buses was unchanged.
In 2015, almost half of the employees travelled by car, at 48%. This was 21 percentage points higher than the figure for buses, which stood at 27%. By 2025, the share for cars had dropped to 34%, narrowing the gap between these two methods to seven percentage points. Bus use was 27% in both years.
The percentage of employees who cycled increased from 15% to 25%, a rise of ten percentage points. Walking also grew, but by a smaller amount, from 10% to 14%. Together, these two methods accounted for 39% in 2025, compared with 25% in 2015. Despite these changes, the ranking of the four methods remained the same.
The figures represent the percentage of surveyed employees using each method in the two years.
Payda ankete katılan çalışanlar; yolculuklar veya bütün nüfus değil.
The denominator is surveyed employees, not journeys or the entire population.
Overall, travelling by car remained the most common choice, although its share fell considerably.
Genel görünüm lider ulaşım biçimini ve temel değişim yönünü içeriyor.
The overview includes the leading mode and the main direction of change.
By 2025, the share for cars had dropped to 34%, narrowing the gap between these two methods to seven percentage points.
Aradaki farkı karşılaştırmak iki ayrı sayı sıralamaktan daha açıklayıcı.
Comparing the gap is more informative than listing two isolated figures.
Despite these changes, the ranking of the four methods remained the same.
Son karşılaştırma, sayılar değişse de aynı kalan sıralamayı bildiriyor.
A final comparison reports what stayed the same despite numerical change.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
Reusable bottles became the more common choice, overtaking disposable bottles by 2025. Their share rose by 20 percentage points, from 35% to 55%, while the figure for disposable bottles fell by the same amount.
Açıklama / Explanation
Genel bakış, önde olan kategorinin değiştiğini belirler. Karşılaştırma bu ana özelliği başlangıç ve bitiş değerleriyle, doğru birimle destekler.
The overview identifies a change in the leading category. The comparison then supports that main feature with the two endpoints and the correct unit.
Ölçütlerle incele / Criterion-linked review
Bu geri bildirim öğrenme içindir; resmî band puanı değildir. Telaffuz yalnızca ses kaydından incelenebilir.
This feedback supports learning; it is not an official band score. Pronunciation requires an audio recording.
- Task achievement
Genel bakış öndeki kategorinin değiştiğini belirtir. Karşılaştırma, doğru başlangıç ve bitiş değerleriyle yirmi puanlık farkı kullanarak bunu destekler.
The overview identifies the change in the leading category. The comparison supports it with accurate endpoints and a correct twenty-point difference.
- Coherence and cohesion
Ana özellik destekleyici sayılardan önce gelir. While karşıt değişimleri, birbirinden kopuk bilgiler olarak sıralamadan birleştirir.
The main feature comes before the supporting figures. While connects the two opposite changes without presenting them as unrelated facts.
- Lexical resource
Overtaking sıralamanın değişimini, share ise bir oranı açıkça anlatır. Anlamı değiştiren gösterişli eş anlamlılardan kaçın.
Overtaking describes the change in ranking, while share refers precisely to a proportion. Avoid impressive substitutes that change the meaning.
- Grammatical range and accuracy
Geçmiş zaman anlatımı zaman çerçevesini korur. From ve to ile değerlerin, by ile değişim miktarının verildiğini kontrol et.
Past-tense reporting keeps the time frame consistent. Check that from and to introduce values and that by introduces the amount of change.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Genel bakışındaki ana özelliğin altını çiz ve sayısal birimleri daire içine al. Verinin desteklemediği nedenleri çıkar.
Underline the main feature in your overview and circle every numerical unit. Remove any cause not supported by the data.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Task 2 sorusunun iki bölümünü de cevapla
Answer both parts of a Task 2 question
Örnek yanıt / Model response
Many adults would like to continue learning, yet attending a course every week can be difficult. In my view, the main barriers are unpredictable schedules and the cost of participation. Employers and course providers can reduce these barriers by making both time and access more flexible.
One difficulty is that a regular timetable assumes learners control their evenings. A shop employee whose shifts change each week may be free on one Tuesday but working on the next. Parents can face a similar problem when childcare arrangements fail. Missing several sessions then makes returning harder because the learner has lost part of the sequence. Cost also extends beyond the course fee: transport and childcare can make a supposedly affordable class impractical. These obstacles explain why interest alone does not ensure attendance.
Employers can help by offering predictable study time rather than simply encouraging staff to enrol. For example, a business could allow an employee to leave an hour early on the same day each week, with the missed time agreed in advance. This makes participation possible without requiring a complete reduction in working hours. Such arrangements need transparent rules so that support does not depend only on a sympathetic manager.
Education providers should also offer ways to recover missed learning. Where funds allow, reduced fees or transport support for low-income learners could address the financial barrier as well. Recorded explanations can help students review theory, while an alternative workshop time can preserve access to practical instruction. However, putting every activity online is not an adequate solution: some learners lack reliable internet, and some skills require equipment or immediate guidance. A combination of flexible materials and accessible in-person sessions is therefore more useful.
Overall, adults often struggle because the organisation of courses conflicts with work and family responsibilities. Protected study time and flexible routes through a course can address these causes more effectively than appeals to motivation alone.
In my view, the main barriers are unpredictable schedules and the cost of participation.
Giriş, çözümleri belirtmeden önce neden sorusunu yanıtlıyor.
The opening answers why before naming solutions.
Missing several sessions then makes returning harder because the learner has lost part of the sequence.
Açıklama, düzensiz katılımın sonucunu gösteriyor.
The explanation shows the consequence of irregular attendance.
For example, a business could allow an employee to leave an hour early on the same day each week, with the missed time agreed in advance.
İşverenin eylemi doğrudan program engelini hedefliyor.
The employer action directly addresses the schedule barrier.
However, putting every activity online is not an adequate solution: some learners lack reliable internet, and some skills require equipment or immediate guidance.
Bu sınır, çözümün aşırı genellenmesini önlüyor ve karma yaklaşımı destekliyor.
The limitation prevents an overgeneralised solution and supports a mixed approach.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
Cause paragraph: Beginners expect quick progress → early difficulty becomes discouraging → equipment remains unused. Example: a new guitarist cannot yet change chords smoothly.
Action paragraph: A community centre offers a weekly beginner group → regular guidance makes progress visible → members gain a reason to practise. Limit: meeting times must suit working adults.
Açıklama / Explanation
Eylem ilgisiz yarar eklemek yerine belirtilen engeli ele alır. Örnek işleyişi gösterir; araştırma diye sunulmaz. Tam cevapta plan en az 250 kelimelik bağlantılı metne dönüştürülmelidir.
The action addresses the stated barrier instead of introducing an unrelated benefit. The example illustrates a mechanism; it is not presented as research. A full response would develop this plan into connected prose of at least 250 words.
Ölçütlerle incele / Criterion-linked review
Bu geri bildirim öğrenme içindir; resmî band puanı değildir. Telaffuz yalnızca ses kaydından incelenebilir.
This feedback supports learning; it is not an official band score. Pronunciation requires an audio recording.
- Task response
Bırakma nedeni ile kuruluşun yanıtının ikisini de geliştir. Nasıl yardım ettiklerini açıklamayan etkinlik listesi ikinci talebi zayıf bırakır.
Check that the reason for giving up and the organisation’s response are both developed. A list of activities without an explanation of how they help would leave the second demand weak.
- Coherence and cohesion
Paragraflar arasında neden-eylem bağını izle. Sonda bağlantısız çözüm eklemek yerine daha önce belirlenen güçlüğe açık gönderme yap.
Follow the cause-to-action relationship across paragraphs. Refer clearly to the difficulty already identified rather than adding a disconnected solution at the end.
- Lexical resource
Guidance, progress ve discouraging kelimelerini anlama uygun kullan. Belirli yararı açıklamak yerine sürekli good yazmaktan kaçın.
Use precise words such as guidance, progress and discouraging where their meaning fits. Avoid repeating “good” as a substitute for explaining a specific benefit.
- Grammatical range and accuracy
Neden ve koşul cümlelerini doğru birleştir; cümle sınırlarını kontrol et. Kontrollü if cümlesi ilişkileri belirsiz uzun cümleden daha yararlıdır.
Combine cause and condition clauses accurately, then check sentence boundaries. A controlled “if” clause is more useful than a long sentence whose relationships are unclear.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Şimdi tam cevabı 40 dakikada yaz. Her talebi farklı renkle işaretle; cevabı açıklamayan, desteklemeyen veya sınırlandırmayan cümleyi çıkar.
Now draft the complete answer in 40 minutes. Highlight each demand in a different colour and remove any sentence that does not explain, support or qualify your response.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Amacı açık bir General Training mektubu yaz
Write a purposeful General Training letter
Örnek yanıt / Model response
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing about the repeated problems with the lift in our building. I live on the sixth floor, and the lift has stopped working on three separate evenings this month. On the most recent occasion, it remained unavailable until the following afternoon. There was no notice explaining when it would be repaired.
This has caused considerable difficulty because I am recovering from a knee injury. Climbing six flights of stairs is painful, particularly when I am carrying shopping. Last Tuesday, I also had to cancel a visit from my elderly father because he could not safely use the stairs. I appreciate that equipment can fail, but the repeated interruptions make it difficult to plan ordinary activities.
Could you arrange for an engineer to investigate the recurring fault rather than simply restart the lift? I would also be grateful if residents could receive a brief update about the expected repair time whenever it is unavailable. Please let me know what action will be taken and when we can expect a more reliable service.
Yours faithfully,
Alex Morgan
I am writing about the repeated problems with the lift in our building.
Amaç ilk cümlede açık; hitap resmî.
The purpose is clear in the first sentence; the greeting is formal.
On the most recent occasion, it remained unavailable until the following afternoon.
Belirli bir olay ilk görev maddesini geliştiriyor.
A specific incident develops the first bullet point.
Last Tuesday, I also had to cancel a visit from my elderly father because he could not safely use the stairs.
Kişisel sonuç, arızayı tekrarlamak yerine etkisini geliştiriyor.
The personal consequence develops the impact instead of repeating the fault.
Could you arrange for an engineer to investigate the recurring fault rather than simply restart the lift?
Kibar ama belirli talep, üçüncü maddeyi uygulanabilir kılıyor.
A polite but precise request makes the third bullet actionable.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
Hi Jamie,
I’m really sorry, but I damaged the case of your camera while bringing it home yesterday. The strap caught on a gate and the zip tore. I checked the camera carefully and it still works, but I know the case matters too. I’d like to replace it with the same model. Could you send me the details, or would you prefer me to pay for a replacement you choose?
Açıklama / Explanation
Bölüm kişisel açılış ve doğrudan özürden sonra somut telafi önerir. Samimi ton arkadaşa uygundur; tanınmayan yöneticiye aynı açılış uymaz. Özür, çözüm sunmanın yerine geçirilmez.
The extract uses a personal opening and a direct apology, then gives a specific repair plan. Its informal tone fits a friend; the same opening would not suit an unknown manager. It does not treat an apology as a substitute for offering a solution.
Ölçütlerle incele / Criterion-linked review
Bu geri bildirim öğrenme içindir; resmî band puanı değildir. Telaffuz yalnızca ses kaydından incelenebilir.
This feedback supports learning; it is not an official band score. Pronunciation requires an audio recording.
- Task achievement
Bu bölümde amaç, özür ve çözüm açıktır. Tam görevde verilen tüm maddeleri geliştir ve gereksiz dolgu yapmadan asgari uzunluğa ulaş.
The purpose, apology and proposed solution are clear in this extract. In a full task, develop all supplied bullet points and meet the minimum length without padding.
- Coherence and cohesion
Sıra olaydan sonucuna, sonra telafiye geçer. Genişletirken olayı farklı paragraflarda tekrarlamak yerine bu ilişkileri açık tut.
The sequence moves from the accident to its result and then to a remedy. Keep those relationships clear when expanding, instead of repeating the event in several paragraphs.
- Lexical resource
Strap, zip ve replacement sorunu kesin adlandırır. Tanıdık kelimeleri doğru kullan; arkadaş mektubuna hukuk dili eklemek yerine kişisel tonu koru.
Strap, zip and replacement name the problem precisely. Choose familiar words accurately and preserve a personal register rather than adding legalistic phrases to a friend’s letter.
- Grammatical range and accuracy
Olay için geçmiş, telafi için koşul veya soru biçimlerini kullan. Zamirlerin makine ile zarar gören kılıfı açıkça ayırdığını kontrol et.
Use past forms for the accident and conditional or question forms for the proposed remedy. Check that pronouns clearly distinguish the camera from its damaged case.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Özrü tekrarlamadan mektubu en az 150 kelimeye genişlet. Önerilen yeni kılıf hakkında yararlı ayrıntı ve doğal kapanış ekle. İlişkiyi ve tonu yönetici mektubuyla karşılaştır.
Expand the letter to at least 150 words without repeating the apology. Add useful detail about the proposed replacement and a natural closing. Compare the relationship and tone with the manager letter.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Süreç: suyun sistemdeki yolunu izle
Process: follow water through a system
Örnek yanıt / Model response
The diagram shows how a school collects and treats rainwater before using it to water its garden.
Overall, the system consists of five main stages, beginning with collection from roofs and ending with irrigation. It is a linear process in which unwanted material is removed twice before the water is stored and distributed. Two pumps move the water at different points in the system.
First, rain falls onto the school roofs and flows along gutters into a covered collection tank. A pump then sends this water through a metal screen. At this screening stage, leaves are separated from the water and placed in a waste bin. The screened water subsequently passes down through a sand filter, which traps smaller particles.
After filtration, the water enters a closed storage tank. This tank holds the filtered water until it is required for the final stage. A second pump transfers it from storage to sprinklers in the school garden, where it is used for irrigation. Thus, the collection and treatment stages occur before storage, while the distribution equipment is positioned at the end of the sequence.
The diagram shows how a school collects and treats rainwater before using it to water its garden.
Giriş: görevin ifadesini bütünüyle kopyalamadan süreci, yeri ve son amacı belirtir.
Introduction: identifies the process, location and final purpose without copying the task wording in full.
Overall, the system consists of five main stages, beginning with collection from roofs and ending with irrigation.
Genel bakış: tek tek ekipmanı anlatmadan önce aşama sayısını ve iki uç noktayı verir.
Overview: gives the number of stages and both endpoints before discussing individual equipment.
The screened water subsequently passes down through a sand filter, which traps smaller particles.
İlk ayrıntı grubu: oku izler ve filtrenin belirtilen işlevini açıklar; subsequently sıralamayı bağlar.
First detail group: follows the arrow and explains the filter's stated function; subsequently links the sequence.
A second pump transfers it from storage to sprinklers in the school garden, where it is used for irrigation.
İkinci ayrıntı grubu: yolu tamamlar ve açık bir varış noktası verir. It, depolanan suya gönderme yapar.
Second detail group: completes the route and gives it an explicit destination. It refers back to the stored water.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
Overall, this linear process turns used paper into sheets through four treatment stages. It begins with sorting and ends with pressing. After the paper is cut into small pieces, it is mixed with water.
Açıklama / Explanation
Kullanılmış kâğıt girdidir, işlem aşaması değildir. Genel bakış dönüşümü ve uç noktaları verir; son cümle sırayı koruyarak iki tam edilgen yapı kullanır.
Used paper is the input, not a treatment stage. The overview names the transformation and endpoints; the final sentence keeps the order and uses two complete passive clauses.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Mümkünse bir edilgen cümleyi etken hareket cümlesiyle değiştir; değilse bu şemanın neden çoğunlukla hareket değil işlem anlattığını açıkla. Makine uydurma.
Replace one passive clause with an active movement clause where possible, or explain why this diagram mostly describes treatment rather than movement. Do not invent a machine.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Haritalar: değişen rıhtımı anlat
Maps: explain a changing quayside
Örnek yanıt / Model response
The maps show changes to the quayside in the fictional town of Linton between 2010 and 2025.
Overall, industrial buildings and storage space were replaced by housing and facilities for leisure or cycling. However, Quay Road continued to run from west to east through the centre, and the ferry terminal remained beside the river in the south.
North of the road, all three sites changed. The warehouse in the northwest was replaced by cafés, while the central car park became a public garden. On the northeastern site, apartments were built in place of the workshop. The garden therefore lies between the cafés and the new housing, with all three areas located on the northern side of Quay Road.
South of the road, the grassland in the southwest was converted into a playground. At the opposite end, bicycle parking took the place of the storage yard in the southeast. Between these two changed sites, the ferry terminal retained its original position. The river still forms the southern boundary of the mapped area, and the road separates the northern developments from the three southern sites.
The maps show changes to the quayside in the fictional town of Linton between 2010 and 2025.
Giriş: yeri ve zaman aralığını belirler; tek tek değişiklikleri sonraki paragraflara bırakır.
Introduction: establishes the place and time span, leaving specific changes for later paragraphs.
Overall, industrial buildings and storage space were replaced by housing and facilities for leisure or cycling.
Genel bakış: tek tek değişiklikleri, haritaların desteklediği bir arazi kullanımı dönüşümünde birleştirir.
Overview: groups several individual changes into a supported land-use transformation.
The warehouse in the northwest was replaced by cafés, while the central car park became a public garden.
Kuzey ayrıntıları: eşleşen iki alanı birleştirir; while neden uydurmadan paralel değişiklikleri bağlar.
Northern details: combines two matched sites; while connects parallel changes without inventing a cause.
Between these two changed sites, the ferry terminal retained its original position.
Güney ayrıntıları: iki değişikliği düzenlemek ve kopuk bir listeyi önlemek için sabit bir yer kullanır.
Southern details: uses a stable landmark to organise two changes and avoid an unconnected list.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
Overall, the area gained a sports facility and a connecting path, while the school and shop remained unchanged. The field west of the school was replaced by a sports hall, which was linked to the school by a new path.
Açıklama / Explanation
Genel bakış eklenenleri aynı kalan yerlerden ayırır. Ayrıntı cümlesi değişen alanı okula göre konumlandırır ve yalnız verilen bağlantıyı anlatır.
The overview separates additions from unchanged landmarks. The detail sentence anchors the replaced site to the school and describes only the connection supplied.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Ayrıntı cümlesini replaced fiilini etken kullanarak yeniden yaz. Spor salonunun hâlâ okulun batısında olduğunu kontrol et.
Rewrite the detail sentence using replaced in the active voice. Then check that the sports hall remains west of the school.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Grafikler: işe gidiş eğilimlerini karşılaştır
Charts: compare commuting trends
Örnek yanıt / Model response
The chart compares the percentages of commuters using cars, buses and bicycles in the fictional town of Fenmere in 2012, 2017 and 2022.
Overall, the share travelling by car fell at each recorded date, while both bus use and cycling increased. Cars were the leading mode in the first two years, but buses had become the most common choice by 2022. Cycling remained the least used option throughout the period.
In 2012, cars accounted for 60% of commuters, exactly twice the bus figure of 30%. The remaining 10% travelled by bicycle. By 2017, the proportion using cars had dropped to 48%, although it was still above the figures for buses and bicycles, at 34% and 18% respectively.
In the final year, bus use reached 40%, exceeding the car share of 35% by five percentage points. Meanwhile, cycling rose to 25%, a quarter of all commuters. Across the whole period, the car figure declined by 25 percentage points. Bus use increased by 10 points, while the bicycle share rose by 15 points, giving cycling the larger increase of the two growing categories.
The chart compares the percentages of commuters using cars, buses and bicycles in the fictional town of Fenmere in 2012, 2017 and 2022.
Giriş: kapsamı ve birimi verir; mutlak yolcu sayılarıyla karışmasını önler.
Introduction: gives scope and units, preventing confusion with absolute commuter numbers.
Cars were the leading mode in the first two years, but buses had become the most common choice by 2022.
Genel bakış: kaydedilen tarihler arasındaki temel sıralama değişimini belirtir.
Overview: identifies the major ranking change across the recorded dates.
In 2012, cars accounted for 60% of commuters, exactly twice the bus figure of 30%.
İlk ayrıntı grubu: iki değeri ayrı sıralamak yerine açık bir karşılaştırmaya dönüştürür.
First detail group: turns two values into a clear comparison rather than listing them separately.
In the final year, bus use reached 40%, exceeding the car share of 35% by five percentage points.
İkinci ayrıntı grubu: genel bakışı son değerlerle ve doğru birimle belirtilmiş farklarıyla destekler.
Second detail group: supports the overview with the endpoint values and their correctly labelled difference.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
Walking rose from 20% to 35%, an increase of 15 percentage points, while the car share fell by 10 points to 40%. Despite this convergence, driving still accounted for a larger share than walking in 2025.
Açıklama / Explanation
Sayılar zıt yönleri ve daralan farkı destekler. Otomobilin hâlâ yürümeden önde olduğunu da gösterir; tek başına artış birincilik anlamına gelmez.
The figures support opposite directions and a narrowing gap. They also show that driving remains ahead of walking; an increase alone does not establish first place.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
İki yılda otomobil ile yürüme arasındaki farkı ekle. Cümlenin farkın 30'dan beş yüzde puana daraldığını söylediğini kontrol et.
Add the gap between driving and walking in each year. Check whether your sentence says it narrowed from 30 to five percentage points.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Görüş yazıları: koşulları açık bir tutum
Opinion essays: a clear position with conditions
Örnek yanıt / Model response
Secondary schools are sometimes expected to make community projects a compulsory part of education. I largely agree with this approach because it can connect classroom learning with practical responsibility, provided that schools offer accessible activities and keep the time commitment reasonable.
One benefit is that a shared project gives students a clear reason to apply what they learn. Mathematical skills become useful when a group prepares a budget, while communication skills matter when its members explain a proposal. For example, students planning a small garden for a local library could compare material costs, discuss planting choices and present their plan to staff. These tasks would require them to adapt their knowledge to a real audience rather than simply reproduce information in a test. Working towards a common result also creates opportunities to practise meeting deadlines and dividing responsibilities.
Nevertheless, making participation compulsory would be unfair if every student had to perform the same activity outside school hours. Some young people have caring duties, limited transport or disabilities that make particular tasks difficult. Schools should therefore include projects within the timetable and provide several ways to contribute. In the library example, a student unable to do physical gardening could prepare the budget or design information signs. This flexibility would preserve a shared educational purpose without treating physical work as the only valuable contribution. Teachers would also need to set a modest scope so that projects do not displace essential subject teaching.
In conclusion, I support requiring community projects when they form a manageable and inclusive part of school life. Their value lies in applying knowledge and accepting responsibility, so participation should be flexible enough for every student to make a meaningful contribution.
I largely agree with this approach because it can connect classroom learning with practical responsibility, provided that schools offer accessible activities and keep the time commitment reasonable.
Tutum: largely ve provided that katılma derecesini açıkça belirler. İki koşul da ileride geliştirilir.
Position: largely and provided that define a clear degree of agreement. Both conditions are developed later.
One benefit is that a shared project gives students a clear reason to apply what they learn.
Gerekçe: paragrafın temel eğitim yararını belirtir; sonraki cümleler bunu açıklar.
Reason: states the paragraph's central educational benefit, which the following sentences explain.
For example, students planning a small garden for a local library could compare material costs, discuss planting choices and present their plan to staff.
Örnek: could varsayımsal durumu gösterir. Somut eylemler uydurma araştırma iddia etmek yerine gerekçeyi örneklendirir.
Example: could signals an imagined case. Concrete actions illustrate the reason instead of claiming invented research.
In conclusion, I support requiring community projects when they form a manageable and inclusive part of school life.
Sonuç: baştaki koşullu katılımı korur ve daha önce açıklanan koşulları özetler.
Conclusion: preserves the original qualified agreement and summarises the conditions already explained.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
I support short placements when universities provide accessible options and ensure that students are not expected to work without necessary financial support. Otherwise, a compulsory placement could disadvantage students who rely on paid employment. For example, someone working evening shifts might struggle to accept an unpaid daytime placement while continuing to study. A funded placement or a flexible schedule would let that student gain practical experience without making participation depend on personal wealth.
Açıklama / Explanation
Tutum yeni zorunluluğu yanıtlar ve belirli bir koşul getirir. Paragraf kimin sorun yaşayacağını, sorunun nasıl doğduğunu ve pratik düzenlemenin tutumu nasıl desteklediğini açıklar.
The position answers the new requirement and introduces a specific condition. The paragraph explains who could face a problem, how it arises and how a practical adjustment supports the stated position.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Bir öğrenme yararını açıklayan ikinci paragraf ekle; ardından aynı destek derecesini koruyan sonuç yaz. Son yanıtının tüm öğrenciler kapsamını ele aldığını kontrol et.
Add a second paragraph explaining a learning benefit, then write a conclusion with the same degree of support. Check that your final answer addresses all students.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Part 1 · cevapla ve geliştir
Part 1 · answer and extend
Göreve göre örnek yanıtlar / Task-specific examples
Örnekler resmî band puanı değildir; ezberlemek yerine kendi deneyimlerinle yanıtla.
Do you work or study?
I'm studying engineering at university at the moment. Most of my classes are quite technical, but we also work on small projects in groups. That's probably the part I enjoy most because I can see how an idea works in practice. This term, we're designing a simple water filter.
İlk cümle soruyu cevaplar. Güncel proje, cevabı kişisel ve somut kılar.
The first sentence answers the question. A current project makes the answer personal and specific.
Follow-up: What made you choose that subject or job?
Bölümü ve projeyi kendi ayrıntılarınla değiştir; doğrudan girişi koru.
Replace the subject and project with your own details; keep the direct opening.
What do you enjoy about your daily routine?
I really enjoy the short walk I take after lunch. I spend a lot of the morning sitting at a desk, so getting outside helps me feel more awake. There's a small park near my building, and I usually walk around it once before going back to work.
Sıradan bir alışkanlık ortamı ve yararıyla geliştirilir; ilgisiz etkinlikler sıralanmaz.
One ordinary habit is developed through its setting and benefit; there is no unrelated list of activities.
Follow-up: Is your routine different at weekends?
Gerçek gününden tek an seç; “enjoy” kelimesini tekrarlamadan yararını açıkla.
Choose one moment from your real day and explain its benefit without repeating “enjoy”.
Where do you usually read?
Usually on the train, actually. My journey to university takes about half an hour, so I keep a novel in my bag. I find it easier to read there than at home, where I get distracted by other things. If the carriage is crowded, though, I just listen to music.
Önce yer söylenir. Yolculuk alışkanlığı açıklar; istisna aynı konuda kalır.
The place comes first. The journey explains the habit, and the exception stays relevant.
Follow-up: Do you prefer reading on paper or on a screen?
Ortamı değiştir; dinleyenin gözünde canlandırabileceği tek ayrıntı ekle.
Change the setting and add one detail a listener could picture.
Is there a skill you would like to learn?
I'd like to learn how to sew, mainly so I could repair my own clothes. I have a jacket with a broken pocket that I keep meaning to fix. My aunt has offered to show me the basics, so I might start with that rather than trying to make something from scratch.
Somut neden isteği destekler. “Could” ve “might”, olasılıkları doğal biçimde anlatır.
A concrete reason supports the wish. “Could” and “might” express possibilities naturally.
Follow-up: Would you rather learn that skill alone or in a class?
Gerçek bir beceri ve uygulanabilir ilk adım söyle; öğrenme hakkında genel konuşmaya dönüşmesin.
Name a real skill and one practical first step; avoid a general speech about learning.
Has the way you travel changed in recent years?
Yes, I've started using the train much more often. I used to take a bus almost everywhere, but I moved closer to a station last year. The train is usually quicker for my journey to campus. I still take the bus for short trips, especially when it stops right outside the place I'm visiting.
Değişim açık: önceden otobüs, şimdi daha sık tren. Son ayrıntı mutlak iddiayı önler.
The change is clear: buses before, more train journeys now. The final detail avoids an absolute claim.
Follow-up: Is there a form of transport you would like to use more?
Bir eski ve bir güncel alışkanlık kullan. Değişim olmadıysa bunu söyle ve nedenini açıkla.
Use one past habit and one current habit. If nothing has changed, say so and explain why.
Do you prefer planning your weekends or deciding at the last minute?
I like to plan one main activity and leave the rest open. If I'm meeting friends, we need to agree on a time because everyone is busy. But I don't enjoy scheduling every hour. Last Sunday, for example, we had lunch together and then decided to visit a nearby exhibition.
Cevap dengeli bir tercih belirtir; ardından bunun yakın bir hafta sonunda nasıl göründüğünü gösterir.
The answer gives a balanced preference, then shows what that looks like in a recent weekend.
Follow-up: Have your weekend plans ever changed unexpectedly?
Tercihini koru, örneği değiştir; planlı ve anlık karar verilen kısımları açıkça ayır.
Keep your preference but replace the example; make the planned and spontaneous parts clear.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
1. I prefer taking photographs because it makes me notice details I would normally miss. Last weekend, for example, I spent a few minutes photographing the reflections in a shop window.
2. Yes, I did, although I was never particularly good at it. I used to draw imaginary houses with my cousin, and we would explain who lived in each room.
Açıklama / Explanation
İlk cevap şimdiki tercihi yakın zamandan örnekle verir. İkinci cevap çocukluk sorusunu geçmiş zaman diliyle yanıtlar. Bunlar olası cevaplardır, kopyalanacak kişisel gerçekler değildir; kendi deneyimlerinle değiştir.
The first answer gives a present preference and a recent illustration. The second answers the childhood question with past-time language. These are possible answers, not personal facts to copy; replace the experiences with your own.
Ölçütlerle incele / Criterion-linked review
Bu geri bildirim öğrenme içindir; resmî band puanı değildir. Telaffuz yalnızca ses kaydından incelenebilir.
This feedback supports learning; it is not an official band score. Pronunciation requires an audio recording.
- Fluency and coherence
Her cevap ilgisiz olgular sıralamak yerine tek fikri geliştirir. Kaydında en yüksek hızı değil, düzenli akışı ve ilgili geliştirmeyi dinle.
Each answer develops a single idea rather than listing unrelated facts. In your recording, listen for a steady flow and relevant extension, not maximum speed.
- Lexical resource
“Notice details”, “reflections” ve “imaginary houses” kesin, doğal seçimlerdir. Birini doğal biçimde hatırlayamıyorsan daha basit doğru ifade kullan.
“Notice details”, “reflections” and “imaginary houses” are precise, ordinary choices. Use a simpler accurate phrase if you cannot retrieve one of these naturally.
- Grammatical range and accuracy
Şimdiki tercih, geçmiş deneyim ve “used to” ile ayrılır. Çocukluk cevabının yanlışlıkla bütünüyle geniş zamanda kalmadığını kontrol et.
Present preference contrasts with past experience and “used to”. Check that your childhood answer does not accidentally remain entirely in the present tense.
- Pronunciation
Bu metni değil, ses kaydını değerlendir. PHOTOGRAPHS ve DETAILS kelimelerini vurgulayıp sözleri anlamlı gruplara ayırmayı dene. Amaç açıklıktır; belirli aksanı kopyalamak değildir.
Assess your audio, not this text. Try stressing PHOTOGRAPHS and DETAILS, and group words into meaningful phrases. Clarity matters; copying a particular accent is not the goal.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Bir kez konuya uygunluğu, bir kez zaman kullanımını dinle. Bir cevabı dolgu sözleri artırmadan daha açık ayrıntıyla yeniden kaydet. Metne bakmadan temel kelimelerin anlaşılıp anlaşılmadığını kontrol et; yazılı model telaffuz puanını belirleyemez.
Listen once for relevance and once for time reference. Re-record one answer with a clearer detail, not extra filler. Check whether the key words are understandable without looking at the text; a written model cannot establish your pronunciation score.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Part 2 · uzun konuşmayı düzenle
Part 2 · shape a long turn
Göreve göre örnek yanıtlar / Task-specific examples
Örnekler resmî band puanı değildir; ezberlemek yerine kendi deneyimlerinle yanıtla.
Describe a person who helped you learn something useful.
You should say:
• who the person was
• what they helped you learn
• how they helped you
and explain why this experience was useful to you.
Prepare for 1 minute, then speak for 1–2 minutes. Use the practice timer if useful.
One person who helped me learn something useful was my older sister. A few months before I moved away for university, she offered to teach me how to cook a few simple meals. Until then, I could make a sandwich, but I had very little confidence with anything more complicated.
We started with vegetable soup. She didn't just give me a recipe and leave. She showed me how to cut the vegetables into similar sizes and asked me to taste the soup before adding more salt. My first attempt was still far too salty, which we both found quite funny. The next weekend, I tried again and wrote down what I had changed.
What I appreciated most was her patience. Whenever I made a mistake, she explained what might have caused it instead of taking over. After a few weeks, I could prepare three or four meals on my own.
This became useful almost immediately when I moved into student accommodation. Cooking helped me manage my budget, but it also made me feel more independent. I still phone my sister for ideas sometimes, although now I can usually work out the basic steps myself.
Çorba olayı, ablanın nasıl yardım ettiğini gösterir. Son değerlendirme, becerinin adını vermenin ötesinde yararını açıklar.
The soup episode shows how the sister helped. The final reflection explains the benefit beyond simply naming the skill.
Follow-up: Do you still use what this person taught you?
Kendi beş anahtar kelimeni kullan. Erken bitirirsen bir denemeyi veya sonucu geliştir; yararı açıklayan son kısmı koru.
Use your own five keywords. If the talk ends early, expand one attempt or outcome; keep the final explanation of usefulness.
Örnek yanıt / Model response
One person who helped me learn something useful was my older sister. A few months before I moved away for university, she offered to teach me how to cook a few simple meals. Until then, I could make a sandwich, but I had very little confidence with anything more complicated.
We started with vegetable soup. She didn't just give me a recipe and leave. She showed me how to cut the vegetables into similar sizes and asked me to taste the soup before adding more salt. My first attempt was still far too salty, which we both found quite funny. The next weekend, I tried again and wrote down what I had changed.
What I appreciated most was her patience. Whenever I made a mistake, she explained what might have caused it instead of taking over. After a few weeks, I could prepare three or four meals on my own.
This became useful almost immediately when I moved into student accommodation. Cooking helped me manage my budget, but it also made me feel more independent. I still phone my sister for ideas sometimes, although now I can usually work out the basic steps myself.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
An object that helps me organise my day is a small paper notebook that I keep beside my laptop. I started using it last autumn, when I realised I was keeping deadlines in several different places and occasionally forgetting small tasks.
At the beginning of each morning, I write down three things that really need my attention. I also leave a little space for jobs that appear during the day. It is not a detailed diary. The point is to have one simple page that I can check without opening another app.
I remember one particularly busy week when I had an assignment to finish and a train ticket to book. Neither task was especially difficult, but I kept thinking about both while trying to study. Once I wrote them down and chose a time for each, I could concentrate on the assignment instead of repeatedly reminding myself about the ticket.
The notebook is helpful because it makes my plans visible and keeps the list realistic. I do not finish everything every day, but moving an unfinished task to tomorrow forces me to decide whether it still matters. That small habit has made my mornings feel much less scattered.
Açıklama / Explanation
Konuşma nesneyi, başlangıcı, alışkanlığı ve yararı kapsar. Ödev-bilet olayı belirli anı sağlar; son değerlendirme defterin her sorunu çözdüğünü iddia etmeden yararı açıklar. Gerçek süre konuşmana bağlıdır; kelime sayısı kuralı yerine zamanlayıcı kullan.
The talk covers object, starting point, routine and usefulness. The assignment-and-ticket episode supplies a specific memory; the final reflection explains the benefit without claiming that the notebook solves every problem. Actual duration depends on your delivery: use the timer rather than a word-count rule.
Ölçütlerle incele / Criterion-linked review
Bu geri bildirim öğrenme içindir; resmî band puanı değildir. Telaffuz yalnızca ses kaydından incelenebilir.
This feedback supports learning; it is not an official band score. Pronunciation requires an audio recording.
- Fluency and coherence
Sıra girişten alışkanlığa, hatırlanan olaya ve değerlendirmeye gider. Ses kaydında dinleyenin karta bakmadan bu sırayı izleyebildiğini kontrol et.
The sequence moves from introduction to routine, a remembered event and reflection. In your audio, check whether the listener can follow that sequence without reading the cue card.
- Lexical resource
“Deadlines”, “realistic” ve “scattered” düzenin farklı yanlarını anlatır. Kelimeyi hatırlayamazsan hikâyeyi bırakmak yerine anlamını açıkla.
“Deadlines”, “realistic” and “scattered” describe different aspects of organisation. If a word escapes you, explain its meaning rather than abandoning the story.
- Grammatical range and accuracy
Geçmiş biçimler başlangıcı ve belirli haftayı; şimdiki alışkanlık biçimleri güncel rutini anlatır. Zaman değişimlerinin anlatılan zamanla uyumunu kontrol et.
Past forms describe the starting point and specific week; present forms describe the current habit. Check that changes in tense follow changes in time.
- Pronunciation
Yazılı model anlaşılabilirliği veya ritmi gösteremez. Kaydında yapılacaklar açıklamasını kısa anlam gruplarına ayır; “one simple page” ve “another app” karşıtlığını vurgula.
A written model cannot show intelligibility or rhythm. In your recording, group the task-list explanation into short meaning units and emphasise contrast in “one simple page” and “another app”.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Kayıttan sonra konuşmanın listeye döndüğü veya kendini tekrarladığı yeri not et. Aynı beş anahtar kelimeyle, sözleri doğal biçimde değiştirerek yeniden kaydet. Erken bitirirsen somut an ekle; nesnenin neden önemli olduğu açıklamasını koru.
After recording, note where your talk becomes a list or repeats itself. Re-record from the same five keywords but change the wording naturally. Add one concrete moment if you finish early; keep the explanation of why the object matters.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Part 3 · genel bir fikri açıkla
Part 3 · explain a wider idea
Göreve göre örnek yanıtlar / Task-specific examples
Örnekler resmî band puanı değildir; ezberlemek yerine kendi deneyimlerinle yanıtla.
Why do some people find it difficult to ask for help?
Some people worry that asking for help will make them appear less capable. That can be especially uncomfortable in a new job, where they are still trying to make a good impression. A new employee might spend an hour struggling with a computer system instead of asking a colleague a simple question. However, the workplace culture makes a difference. If managers openly ask questions themselves, employees may feel that seeking advice is a normal part of learning rather than something to be embarrassed about.
İşyeri örneği kaygıyı açıklar. Son koşul, zorluğun neden değişebileceğini gösterir.
The workplace example explains the concern. The final condition shows why the difficulty may vary.
Follow-up: How could schools make it easier for students to ask questions?
Tek nedeni koru; farklı ortam kullan ve zorluğu neyin azaltacağını açıkla.
Keep one cause, but use a different setting and explain what would reduce the difficulty.
Which skills are easier to learn from another person than from a book?
Skills involving physical movement are often easier to learn with someone who can watch and respond. A book can explain how to hold a tennis racket, for instance, but it cannot notice that a learner is gripping it too tightly. A coach can point that out and demonstrate an adjustment immediately. The same may apply to some craft skills. That doesn't make books useless, though. Once learners understand the basic movements, written instructions can help them remember a sequence or explore techniques at their own pace.
Cevap üstünlüğü anında geri bildirimle açıklar; ardından kitaplara belirli destek rolü verir.
The answer identifies immediate feedback as the advantage, then gives books a specific supporting role.
Follow-up: Could a video replace a person when teaching these skills?
Başka beceri seç; öğretmenin tam olarak neyi fark edip düzeltebildiğini açıkla.
Choose another skill and explain exactly what a teacher can notice or correct.
Should schools spend more time teaching practical skills?
I think schools should make room for practical skills, especially ones students will need soon after leaving school. Learning to compare prices or plan a basic budget could help them make more informed decisions. This doesn't always require a separate subject; a maths lesson could use a realistic household budget instead of an abstract exercise. The difficulty is finding time without weakening other subjects. So I would favour integrating practical tasks into existing lessons, while leaving specialist training to courses with the right equipment and teachers.
Somut öneri, “should” sorusunu cevaplar. Zaman kısıtı, görüşün uygulanabilir biçimine bağlanır.
A concrete proposal answers “should”. The time constraint leads to a practical way of applying that view.
Follow-up: Which practical skills are best taught at home?
Bütçe örneğini değiştir; önerinin gerçekçi tek sınırını açıkla.
Replace the budget example and explain one realistic limit to your proposal.
How has technology changed the way adults learn?
One change is that adults can fit learning around responsibilities more easily. Instead of attending every lesson at a fixed time, they can use recorded lessons when their schedule allows. Someone working different shifts, for example, might study a language in short sessions during the week. But flexibility can also make it easier to postpone the work because nobody notices immediately when a lesson is missed. Online courses may therefore be most useful when flexible materials are combined with some regular contact or feedback.
Cevap esnekliğin belirli gruba nasıl yardım ettiğini açıklar; ardından motivasyona etkisini değerlendirir.
The answer explains how flexibility helps a particular group, then considers its effect on motivation.
Follow-up: Do adults and children need different kinds of support when learning online?
Tek özelliği önce ve şimdi karşılaştır; cihazları sıralamak yerine etkisini açıkla.
Compare one feature before and now; explain its effect instead of listing devices.
Is being an expert enough to make someone a good teacher?
Being an expert is useful, but I don't think expertise alone makes someone a good teacher. An expert may perform a task so automatically that they forget which steps a beginner finds difficult. A good teacher needs to break the process down and notice when an explanation is not working. For instance, an experienced programmer might solve an error immediately, yet a learner needs to understand how the problem was identified. Of course, communication cannot replace subject knowledge; the two qualities need to work together.
Programlama örneği, işi yapmakla açıklamayı ayırır. Son bölüm iki özelliğin de önemini korur.
The programming example distinguishes performing a task from explaining it. The ending keeps both qualities relevant.
Follow-up: How can an expert learn to explain ideas to beginners?
Farklı alan kullan; cevabı bilmenin ötesinde tek öğretim eylemi göster.
Use a different field and show one teaching action beyond knowing the answer.
Who should be responsible for helping people learn new skills at work?
I think the responsibility should be shared, although employers should lead when a skill is essential for the job. If a company introduces new software, it should provide training and time to practise instead of expecting everyone to learn after work. Employees also need to participate actively and explain where they need support. For wider career development, they may take more initiative themselves. The balance depends on who benefits and who can afford the training; temporary staff, for example, should not automatically be excluded from essential instruction.
Sorumluluklar amaca göre ayrılır. Yazılım örneği ve erişim koşulu, görüşü somutlaştırır.
Responsibilities are divided by purpose. The software example and access condition make the position specific.
Follow-up: Should employers pay for training that may help an employee move to another company?
Kimin ne yaptığını belirt; sonra görüşünü daha karmaşık tek durumla değerlendir.
State who does what, then test your view with one less straightforward case.
Örnek yanıt / Model response
Being an expert is useful, but I don't think expertise alone makes someone a good teacher. An expert may perform a task so automatically that they forget which steps a beginner finds difficult. A good teacher needs to break the process down and notice when an explanation is not working. For instance, an experienced programmer might solve an error immediately, yet a learner needs to understand how the problem was identified. Of course, communication cannot replace subject knowledge; the two qualities need to work together.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
Yes, I think they still have an important role, although that role is changing. Access to information is not the same as having a quiet place to use it or someone who can help you find a reliable source. For example, a person applying for work may need a computer and guidance rather than simply another website. Libraries can provide that support alongside books. Of course, the services should reflect local needs; a building that offers nothing beyond material people can easily access at home may be less useful. For children, supervised reading activities may be particularly valuable, while adults might place more emphasis on workspace or practical assistance.
Açıklama / Explanation
Cevap bilgi bulunabilirliği ile kullanılabilir erişim ve desteği ayırır. İş başvurusu örneği ayrımı gösterir. Sınırlılık hizmet tasarımıyla ilgilidir; takip cevabı her çocuk veya yetişkinin aynı ihtiyacı olduğunu iddia etmeden grupları karşılaştırır.
The response distinguishes information availability from usable access and support. The job-application example demonstrates the distinction. The limitation concerns service design, and the follow-up compares groups without claiming every child or adult has the same needs.
Ölçütlerle incele / Criterion-linked review
Bu geri bildirim öğrenme içindir; resmî band puanı değildir. Telaffuz yalnızca ses kaydından incelenebilir.
This feedback supports learning; it is not an official band score. Pronunciation requires an audio recording.
- Fluency and coherence
Cevap görüş, ayrım, örnek, sınırlılık ve grup karşılaştırmasıyla ilerler. Konuşurken bu etiketleri mekanik biçimde söylemekten kaçın.
The answer progresses through view, distinction, example, limitation and group comparison. Avoid mechanically announcing those labels when you speak.
- Lexical resource
“Reliable source”, “practical assistance” ve “local needs” kesin anlam taşır. Açık açıklama, yanlış kullanılan gösterişli yabancı kelimeden daha iyidir.
“Reliable source”, “practical assistance” and “local needs” carry precise meaning. A clear explanation is preferable to an unfamiliar impressive word used incorrectly.
- Grammatical range and accuracy
“Although”, ilgi cümleciği ve “while” sınırlılık ve karşıtlık kurar. Karmaşık cümleciklerin tamamlığını ve modal fiillerin iddianın gücüyle uyumunu kontrol et.
“Although”, a relative clause and “while” express qualification and contrast. Check that complex clauses remain complete and that modal verbs match the strength of your claim.
- Pronunciation
Kaydı özellikle bilgi ve destek karşıtlığında anlaşılır anlam grupları ve vurgu açısından değerlendir. Bu yazılı yanıttan telaffuz puanı çıkarılamaz.
Evaluate the recording for understandable thought groups and emphasis, especially the contrast between information and support. No pronunciation rating can be inferred from this written response.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Tekrar kaydet ve “many things” gibi belirsiz ifadeyi belirli hizmet veya ihtiyaçla değiştir. Mutlak iddiaya bir koşul ekle. Her örneğin genel cevabı destekleyip desteklemediğini, konudan uzaklaştırıp uzaklaştırmadığını sor.
Record again and replace a vague phrase such as “many things” with a precise service or need. Add one condition to an absolute claim. Ask yourself whether each example supports the general answer or distracts from it.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Part 3 · geçmişle bugünü karşılaştır
Part 3 · compare then and now
Göreve göre örnek yanıtlar / Task-specific examples
Örnekler resmî band puanı değildir; ezberlemek yerine kendi deneyimlerinle yanıtla.
How has the way people get news changed?
People used to depend more on a small number of newspapers or television programmes for news, whereas they can now follow many different sources on their phones. This has made updates much quicker and has allowed people to hear from groups that previously received little attention. For example, a resident can share information about a local problem before a national news programme covers it. However, having more sources does not automatically mean being better informed. People still need to check whether a report is reliable, and some may repeatedly see only opinions they already agree with. So access has improved, but evaluating information has become a more important skill.
Karşılaştırma habere erişimde kalır. Sınırlılık, daha çok haber almakla daha iyi bilgilenmeyi ayırır.
The comparison stays on news access. The limitation distinguishes receiving more reports from being better informed.
Follow-up: Who should help young people learn to judge whether news is reliable?
Erişim karşılaştırmasını koru ama yeni örnek ver; güvenilirliği kontrol etmenin tek yolunu açıkla.
Keep the access comparison but give a new example; explain one way to check reliability.
Do people have more useful choices when shopping today than in the past?
In some ways, yes. Shoppers can compare products from more sellers, which is useful when local shops don't stock what they need. Someone looking for a replacement part for an old appliance, for example, may have a better chance of finding it online. But a longer list of products isn't always a better choice. If descriptions are unclear or several brands offer almost identical items, comparing them can take a lot of effort. Useful choice depends on reliable information as well as the number of options.
Cevap “useful” sözcüğünü ele alır; geniş erişimle karar vermeye yardımcı bilgiyi ayırır.
The answer addresses “useful”, distinguishing wider availability from information that helps a decision.
Follow-up: Can having too many choices make shopping more difficult?
Belirli alışveriş seç; ek seçeneklerin müşteriye ne zaman yardımcı veya engel olduğunu göster.
Choose a specific purchase and show when extra options help or hinder the shopper.
How has technology changed the way families stay in touch?
It has made frequent contact easier for families who live far apart. Instead of saving news for an occasional long phone call, relatives can send a quick message or share a photograph during the day. A grandparent might watch a child's birthday celebration through a video call even if travelling isn't possible. Still, more frequent contact doesn't necessarily mean deeper conversations. Short messages can leave out how someone is really feeling, so families may still need to make time for longer calls or visits.
Uzaklık ve sıklık karşılaştırmayı düzenler. Son ayrım, kolaylıkla yakınlığı ayrı tutar.
Distance and frequency organise the comparison. The final distinction keeps convenience separate from closeness.
Follow-up: Do you think messages can replace face-to-face family conversations?
Aynı aile iletişimini önce ve şimdi karşılaştır; tek yarar ve tek sınır ekle.
Compare the same kind of family contact before and now; add one benefit and one limit.
Are these changes equally helpful for older and younger people?
Not necessarily, although age alone doesn't explain the difference. Digital communication may be especially valuable to an older person whose relatives live abroad, while a younger person with poor internet access may struggle to use the same services. Familiarity also matters: someone who already uses a device confidently can benefit more quickly. For example, simple setup support might make video calls much easier for a new user of any age. So I would look at access, confidence and personal needs rather than assume that younger people always benefit more.
“These changes”, dijital iletişime gönderme yapar. Cevap, yaş gruplarını tek tip görmeden ihtiyaç ve erişimi karşılaştırır.
“These changes” refers back to digital communication. The answer compares needs and access without treating age groups as uniform.
Follow-up: What support could help people who are less confident using technology?
Önce değişimi belirt; sonra yaşın yanında erişim veya deneyim üzerinden iki durumu karşılaştır.
Name the change first, then compare two situations using access or experience as well as age.
What problems can arise when a service becomes available only online?
The main problem is that people can lose access to an essential service if they lack a suitable device, a reliable connection or the confidence to use it. For example, moving all appointments to an online booking system may save time for many users, but someone whose phone has stopped working still needs a way to book. Complicated forms can create another barrier. Online services can be convenient, but keeping a telephone option or providing in-person support would make the change more useful to a wider range of people.
Örnek, belirli engeli bir sonuca bağlar. Önerilen alternatif aynı soruna cevap verir.
The example connects a specific barrier to a consequence. The proposed alternative responds to that same problem.
Follow-up: Should every online service also offer a non-digital option?
Tek hizmet seç; kimin, neden dışarıda kalabileceğini ve hangi uygulanabilir desteğin yararlı olacağını açıkla.
Choose one service; explain who may be excluded, why, and what practical support would help.
Which older ways of communicating are still valuable, and why?
A personal letter can still be valuable because it gives the recipient something they can keep and return to. Someone thanking a former teacher, for instance, might choose a handwritten letter because the effort makes the message feel more personal. Face-to-face conversations also remain useful when a misunderstanding needs careful discussion, since people can ask questions immediately and notice each other's reactions. Neither method is ideal for every purpose, though. An urgent change of plan is usually better communicated through a quick call or message.
Her yöntem belirli amaca bağlanır. Son karşıtlık, değerin neden duruma bağlı olduğunu açıklar.
Each method is linked to a particular purpose. The closing contrast explains why value depends on the situation.
Follow-up: Do you think people will still write personal letters in the future?
Tek yöntemi daha ayrıntılı geliştir; ardından hızın önemli olduğu durumla karşılaştır.
Develop one method more fully, then contrast it with a situation where speed matters.
Örnek yanıt / Model response
People used to depend more on a small number of newspapers or television programmes for news, whereas they can now follow many different sources on their phones. This has made updates much quicker and has allowed people to hear from groups that previously received little attention. For example, a resident can share information about a local problem before a national news programme covers it. However, having more sources does not automatically mean being better informed. People still need to check whether a report is reliable, and some may repeatedly see only opinions they already agree with. So access has improved, but evaluating information has become a more important skill.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
Learners used to rely more on finding a teacher nearby, but now they can watch demonstrations from specialists anywhere. A person learning to repair a bicycle, for example, can pause a video and repeat each step. Still, some tasks need someone to notice mistakes immediately, so online demonstrations do not remove the value of in-person guidance.
Açıklama / Explanation
Yanıt öğretime erişimi karşılaştırır, bisiklet tamiri örneğiyle geliştirir ve anında geri bildirimle ilgili sınırı belirtir. Bir yöntemin her zaman üstün olduğunu iddia etmez.
The response compares access to instruction, develops it through a bicycle-repair example and identifies a limit involving immediate feedback. It avoids claiming that one method is always better.
Ölçütlerle incele / Criterion-linked review
Bu geri bildirim öğrenme içindir; resmî band puanı değildir. Telaffuz yalnızca ses kaydından incelenebilir.
This feedback supports learning; it is not an official band score. Pronunciation requires an audio recording.
- Fluency and coherence
Bağlantılı karşılaştırma, gerekçe ve örnek olup olmadığını dinle. Son sınırlılık ilgisiz konu açmak yerine aynı fikri geliştirmeli.
Listen for a connected comparison, explanation and example. The final limit should develop the same point rather than introduce an unrelated topic.
- Lexical resource
Demonstration ve guidance öğrenene yardım etmenin iki yolunu ayırır. Ezberlenmiş tam ifadeyi ararken durmak yerine zor kelimeyi açıkça yeniden anlat.
Words such as demonstration and guidance distinguish two ways of helping a learner. Rephrase a difficult word clearly rather than stopping for an exact memorised phrase.
- Grammatical range and accuracy
Used to önceki durumu, can ve now bugünkü olanakları anlatır. Yanıtı geliştirirken her örneğin zaman göndermesini tutarlı kullan.
Used to marks the earlier situation, while can and now describe present possibilities. Keep each example’s time reference consistent when extending the answer.
- Pronunciation
Ses kaydını anlam grupları ve karşıtlığı vurgulama açısından dinle. Yazılı model, telaffuzunun ne kadar anlaşılır olduğunu belirleyemez.
Listen to your audio recording for clear thought groups and emphasis on the contrast. A written model cannot establish the clarity of your pronunciation.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Yanıtını farklı örnekle tekrar et. Fikri koru, ifadeleri değiştir. Ezberlediğin kalıbı ararken oluşan duraklamaları fark et.
Repeat your answer with a different example. Keep the idea, but change the wording. Notice any pauses caused by searching for a memorised phrase.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Anlaşılır konuş ve doğal biçimde toparla
Speak clearly and recover naturally
Göreve göre örnek yanıtlar / Task-specific examples
Örnekler resmî band puanı değildir; ezberlemek yerine kendi deneyimlerinle yanıtla.
Do you prefer learning alone or with other people?
I usually prefer learning with one other person, especially when I am trying something practical. Last month, a friend showed me how to adjust the brakes on my bicycle. I could ask questions immediately, and she noticed a mistake that I probably would not have spotted alone. That said, I still need some time by myself afterwards. If we keep talking while I am trying to remember the steps, I lose concentration. So I would choose a short demonstration together, followed by independent practice. I do not think one arrangement works equally well for every stage of learning.
Bisiklet örneği tercihi destekler; sonraki karşıtlık tercihin ne zaman değiştiğini açıklar. Bu uzun prova, zorunlu Part 1 cevap uzunluğu değildir.
The bicycle example supports the preference; the later contrast explains when it changes. This extended rehearsal is not a required Part 1 answer length.
Follow-up: Has another person ever helped you notice a mistake?
Doğrudan cevabı ve tek kişisel ayrıntıyı koru. Bir kelime anlamını değiştiriyorsa kısaca düzeltip devam et.
Keep a direct answer and one personal detail. If a word changes your meaning, correct it briefly and continue.
Can learning with other people ever make progress more difficult?
Yes, particularly when people in a group need very different amounts of practice. If a class moves on as soon as the quickest learner is ready, others may carry misunderstandings into the next task. In a language activity, for example, one confident speaker might answer every question while quieter learners get very little practice. But that is a problem with how the group is organised, rather than a reason to avoid groups altogether. Clear turns and some individual practice can make the same group much more useful.
Cevap genel sorundan grup örneğine ve gelişim koşuluna ilerler.
The answer moves from a general problem to a group example and a condition for improvement.
Follow-up: What could a teacher do when learners in one group progress at different speeds?
Yeni örnek kullan. Grubun kendisiyle düzenlenişi arasındaki karşıtlığı vurgula; kaydından kontrol et.
Use a new example. Stress the contrast between the group itself and how it is organised; check it in your recording.
Örnek yanıt / Model response
I usually prefer learning with one other person, especially when I am trying something practical. Last month, a friend showed me how to adjust the brakes on my bicycle. I could ask questions immediately, and she noticed a mistake that I probably would not have spotted alone. That said, I still need some time by myself afterwards. If we keep talking while I am trying to remember the steps, I lose concentration. So I would choose a short demonstration together, followed by independent practice. I do not think one arrangement works equally well for every stage of learning.
Bir adım ileri · örnek yanıt / Transfer model
Clear instructions help people identify what they should do next. A detailed explanation can be valuable, but if every step arrives at once, a beginner may lose the main sequence. For example, someone using a ticket machine first needs to know which destination to select, not how the whole system was designed. However, detail becomes important when a mistake could be dangerous. In that situation, a short instruction should be followed by an explanation of the risk.
Açıklama / Explanation
Cevap ilk eylemi arka plan ayrıntısıyla karşılaştırır; güvenlik önemliyken iddiayı sınırlar. Bu olası içerik modelidir, ses performansı değildir. Durak, vurgu ve anlaşılabilirliği incelemek için kendi kaydın gerekir.
The response contrasts immediate action with background detail, then limits the claim where safety matters. This is a possible content model rather than an audio performance. Your own recording is needed to review pauses, stress and intelligibility.
Ölçütlerle incele / Criterion-linked review
Bu geri bildirim öğrenme içindir; resmî band puanı değildir. Telaffuz yalnızca ses kaydından incelenebilir.
This feedback supports learning; it is not an official band score. Pronunciation requires an audio recording.
- Fluency and coherence
Doğrudan cevaptan örneğe ve sınırlılığa sürekli yeniden başlamadan geçebiliyor musun? Doğal düşünme durağını cevabın bağını kaybetmekten ayır.
Check whether you move from the direct answer through the example to the qualification without repeated restarts. Natural thinking pauses are different from losing the thread of the answer.
- Lexical resource
Sequence, detail ve risk ayrımını doğru kelimelerle ver. Kelimeyi bulamazsan tüm cevabı durdurmak yerine anlamını doğal biçimde açıkla.
Use words that distinguish sequence, detail and risk accurately. If a word is unavailable, explain its meaning naturally rather than stopping the whole response to search for it.
- Grammatical range and accuracy
Neden ve koşul verirken tamamlanmış cümlecikleri dinle. Kontrollü basit ve karmaşık cümleler kullan; özellikle anlamı ciddi değiştiren sürçmeleri düzelt.
Listen for complete clauses when giving reasons and conditions. Use a mix of controlled simple and complex sentences, and correct only the slips that significantly change your intended meaning.
- Pronunciation
Karşıtlığın dinleyiciye geçip geçmediğini bu metinden değil ses kaydından kontrol et. Anlam grupları, vurgu ve belirsiz sesleri incele; yazılı modelden telaffuz puanı çıkarılamaz.
Use your audio recording, not this text, to check whether a listener can follow the contrast. Review thought groups, stress and unclear sounds; no pronunciation rating can be inferred from the written model.
Yeniden dene / Revise and retry
Farklı örnekle ve yazılı cümle olmadan yeniden kaydet. Dinleyiciden metni görmeden fikrini özetlemesini iste. Karşıtlık kayboluyorsa kelime eklemeden önce vurgu ve gruplamayı düzelt.
Record again with a different example and no written sentences. Ask a listener to summarise your point without seeing the text. If the summary misses the contrast, adjust stress and grouping before adding more vocabulary.
Derse dön / Back to the lesson
Independent Universehall preparation material. Not official IELTS test content.